The 2024 World Science and Technology Development Forum (WSTDF) hosted a thematic session in Beijing on Oct. 23 focused on "AI Governance Innovation: Building an International Trust Foundation for Cultivating the Ecology of Science and Technology Governance". The session brought together global experts and scholars, representatives of international organizations, and industry leaders to explore the innovative breakthroughs of artificial intelligence (AI), its applications across various industries, and the necessary frameworks for managing associated risks. 

Attendees take part in the "AI Governance Innovation: Building an International Trust Foundation for Cultivating the Ecology of Science and Technology Governance" thematic session at WSTDF 2024, Beijing, Oct. 23, 2024. [Photo courtesy of WSTDF]

AI as a catalyst for sci-tech advancement

Wan Gang, chairman of WSTDF 2024 and president of the China Association for Science and Technology, emphasized the critical role of AI in advancing scientific research. "We hope to establish a new paradigm for cutting-edge scientific research that is fundamentally supported by artificial intelligence, accelerating the development of new industries and building new engines for growth," Wan stated. He further called for joint efforts to promote the alignment and coordination of laws, regulations and standards, and establishing evaluation, education, warning and control mechanisms for AI applications to enhance the credibility, reliability and controllability of AI.

At the conference, experts and industry leaders engaged in in-depth discussions on AI's technological breakthroughs and its industrial applications. Qiao Hong, president of the World Robot Cooperation Organization and an academician at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, highlighted that AI has become a driving force of the technological revolution, finding extensive applications in intelligent manufacturing, smart cities, health care and financial services. She presented the "2024 Outlook for the Top 10 Frontier Technology Trends in AI," covering advancements in general AI technologies, large-scale pre-trained models, embodied intelligence and generative AI, showcasing the boundless potential and possibilities of AI.

Qiao said, "These cutting-edge technologies hold immense potential. The advancements will not only make daily life more convenient and efficient, but also spur innovation and drive progress across a wide range of industries."

As a cutting-edge field within AI, embodied intelligence is transitioning from concept to reality, drawing significant attention at the conference. Chang Lin, founder and CEO of Leju Robotics, noted that embodied intelligence and humanoid robots have shifted from niche concepts to mainstream relevance. "The rapid development of AI, especially large models, has greatly enhanced the adaptability of humanoid robots, significantly improving their general capabilities," said Chang. "This progress paves the way for robots to take on flexible, intelligent tasks in household settings, potentially transforming everyday life."

Han Fengtao, founder and CEO of Spirit AI, emphasized that while embodied intelligence is not a new term, recent technological breakthroughs have brought it into the mainstream. In the robotics industry, for example, "the core advancement has reduced the need for human intervention at every stage," Han explained. With technologies like text-to-image and text-to-action generation, robots are now capable of performing tasks with greater autonomy, he said. 

Ethical challenges and the need for responsible AI governance

As artificial intelligence rapidly advances, ethical concerns and social challenges have emerged.

Zhang Ping, an academician at the Chinese Academy of Engineering and professor at the Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, pointed out that while breakthroughs in generative AI bring convenience, they also pose security and ethical challenges. "Issues like identity fraud through AI-generated content, and inappropriate messaging are rising," he said. 

Zhang shared research progress from a Beijing AI safety governance lab, which focuses on building a theoretical framework for general AI to ensure safe, controllable development. The lab is also pioneering super-alignment technologies to better align AI outputs with human values and decisions. Additionally, they are enhancing interpretability and automating assessments to confirm that general AI aligns with societal good.

Huang Tiejun, a professor at Peking University, echoed these concerns, warning of the risks in commercial AI applications. He urged companies to prioritize human welfare, even when faced with lucrative business opportunities, emphasizing that global regulation is essential to prevent AI-dominant corporations from monopolizing benefits, concentrating wealth and worsening social inequality.

Chang Lin stressed the importance of adopting a responsible approach to AI, highlighting the need for companies to continuously address and resolve emerging risks. Meanwhile, founder and CEO of Accelerated Evolution, Cheng Hao, added that ensuring AI safety is a complex matter, which involves physical and algorithmic domains. He explained that robot malfunctions or algorithmic errors could harm humans, underscoring the need for safety mechanisms that allow systems to stop in hazardous situations. 

Global cooperation to shape AI for humanity

Experts at the session emphasized the critical need for international collaboration and effective global governance to address associated risks and challenges.

Huang Tiejun, also director of the Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence, highlighted that AI's immense power must be managed on a global scale to prevent its misuse by a few companies. "International cooperation on AI governance is essential," he stated. "This is a shared challenge for humanity, and we must use technical safeguards to ensure AI's benefits aren't abused."

Huang said that scientists worldwide share more consensus than division regarding AI's development. He noted that scientific collaboration is often more open than political cooperation. "Platforms like the WSTDF play a vital role in advancing the AI industry. Despite current global complexities, in-person exchanges ease tensions and increase collaborative opportunities," he added.

Framing it within the vision of building a community with a shared future for humanity, Huang emphasized that AI development must advance the common welfare of all. "Guiding AI to benefit humanity is the direction we must follow."

Chang Lin noted that, despite geopolitical challenges, grassroots international exchanges remain robust and active. "We must overcome obstacles and keep advancing global partnerships," Chang said.

Gong Ke, former president of the World Federation of Engineering Organizations, highlighted the importance of supporting developing regions, noting that many international conflicts stem from unequal development. He stressed the role of advanced technology in helping developing nations achieve sustainable growth. "Enhanced productivity can be a driving force for peace," Gong said.

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