2013年中央和地方預(yù)算報(bào)告（全文）
Full text: Report on China's Central, Local Budgets (2013)
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調(diào)整字號大小: 
| 二、2013年中央和地方預(yù)算草案 | II. Draft Central and Local Budgets for 2013 |
| （一）財(cái)政工作和預(yù)算編制總體要求。 | 1. General Requirements for Public Finance Work and Budget Compilation |
| 2013年財(cái)政工作和預(yù)算編制，要全面貫徹落實(shí)黨的十八大精神，以鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想、科學(xué)發(fā)展觀為指導(dǎo)，緊緊圍繞主題主線，堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)的工作總基調(diào)，繼續(xù)實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策，深化財(cái)稅體制改革，推動國民收入分配格局調(diào)整，堅(jiān)持統(tǒng)籌兼顧原則，進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化財(cái)政支出結(jié)構(gòu)，切實(shí)保障和改善民生，厲行節(jié)約，嚴(yán)格控制一般性支出，加強(qiáng)財(cái)政科學(xué)管理，提高依法理財(cái)水平和財(cái)政資金使用績效，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展和社會和諧穩(wěn)定。 | In the course of public finance work and compiling budgets in 2013, we need to comprehensively implement the guiding principles of the Eighteenth National Congress of the Party; follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development; take developing scientifically as the underlying guideline and accelerating a change in China's growth model as the major task; and adhere to the general principle of making progress while maintaining stability in all aspects of our work. We also need to continue following a proactive fiscal policy, deepen reform of the fiscal and tax systems, press ahead with adjusting the distribution of national income, adhere to a holistic approach, further improve the structure of government spending, maintain and improve quality of life, economize in every area, strictly limit regular expenditure, manage public finances more scientifically and strictly in accordance with the law, use government funds more efficiently, and promote steady and sound economic development and social harmony and stability. |
| （二）積極的財(cái)政政策的要點(diǎn)。 | 2. Priorities of the Proactive Fiscal Policy |
| 一是適當(dāng)增加財(cái)政赤字和國債規(guī)模，保持必要的支出力度?？紤]到結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅的滯后效應(yīng)，今年財(cái)政收入增長不會太快，可調(diào)用的中央預(yù)算穩(wěn)定調(diào)節(jié)基金數(shù)額也較少，但財(cái)政剛性支出增加，特別是要增加保障改善民生支出，保持對經(jīng)濟(jì)增長和結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的支持力度，都需要適當(dāng)增加財(cái)政赤字，中央和地方財(cái)政相應(yīng)增加發(fā)債數(shù)量。二是結(jié)合稅制改革完善結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅政策，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大營改增試點(diǎn)范圍，促進(jìn)現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級，進(jìn)一步減輕企業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)。清理取消不合理、不合法的收費(fèi)項(xiàng)目，降低偏高的收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。適當(dāng)降低部分能源資源和關(guān)鍵零部件、原材料產(chǎn)品的進(jìn)口關(guān)稅。三是進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化財(cái)政支出結(jié)構(gòu)，保障和改善民生。堅(jiān)持突出重點(diǎn)，積極而為、量力而行，增加教育、衛(wèi)生、社保等民生投入，支持農(nóng)業(yè)水利和國防建設(shè)，促進(jìn)革命老區(qū)、民族地區(qū)、邊疆地區(qū)、貧困地區(qū)加快發(fā)展，推動城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化和城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)。嚴(yán)格控制一般性支出，努力節(jié)約行政經(jīng)費(fèi)。嚴(yán)肅財(cái)經(jīng)紀(jì)律，反對鋪張浪費(fèi)。加強(qiáng)財(cái)政支出績效管理，提高資金使用效率。四是推動經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變，提高經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展質(zhì)量和效益。保障國家科技重大專項(xiàng)順利實(shí)施，支持基礎(chǔ)研究、前沿技術(shù)研究等，推動企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新。支持戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)和現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展。推進(jìn)生態(tài)文明建設(shè)，促進(jìn)節(jié)能減排，加快新能源、可再生能源、清潔能源和循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展；加強(qiáng)重點(diǎn)生態(tài)保護(hù)，鞏固退耕還林成果，完善森林生態(tài)效益補(bǔ)償和林業(yè)補(bǔ)貼政策。 |
First is to increase the fiscal deficit and government debt by appropriate amounts to maintain necessary spending intensity. The lag effect of past structural tax cuts will make it hard for government revenue to grow fast this year and funds available from the central budget stabilization fund will be modest. At the same time, however, increases in fixed government expenditures, especially spending on improving quality of life and continuing to support economic growth and structural adjustments, will require the fiscal deficit to expand by an appropriate amount and a corresponding increase in central and local government bonds issued. Second is to continue to reform the tax system and improve the structural tax cut policy to promote economic structural adjustments. We will continue to extend the scope of the pilot project on replacing business tax with VAT, push ahead the development of modern service industries and industrial structural upgrading, and further lighten the burden on enterprises. We will identify and rescind unreasonable and unlawful charges and lower exorbitant fees. We will also cut import tariffs on some energy and resource products, key spare parts and components, and raw materials. Third is to further improve the structure of government spending to maintain and improve quality of life. We will continue to give priority to key areas of spending and work energetically but within our means. We will increase spending on education, public health, social security, and other areas related to people's lives; lend our support to developing agriculture, water conservancy, and national defense; promote the rapid development of old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas, and poor areas; and advance urbanization and the integrated development of urban and rural areas. We will stringently limit regular expenditure, economize on administrative overheads wherever possible, observe strict financial and economic discipline, and oppose extravagance and waste. We will strengthen performance-based management of government spending and use funds more efficiently. Fourth is to push forward a shift in China's growth model to raise the quality and performance of economic growth. We will provide funds to ensure the smooth implementation of major national science and technology projects, support basic research and research on cutting-edge technologies, and encourage technological innovation by enterprises. We will support development of strategic emerging industries and modern service industries. We will promote ecological progress, energy conservation, and emissions reductions; help speed up the development of new, renewable, and clean energy sources and of a circular economy; support strengthening ecological conservation in key areas and consolidating progress in returning cultivated land to forests; and improve the forestry subsidy policy and the policy on providing compensation for conserving forest ecology. |
| （三）公共財(cái)政預(yù)算安排情況。 | 3. Public Finance Budgets for 2013 |
| 根據(jù)中央經(jīng)濟(jì)工作會議確定的2013年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展預(yù)期指標(biāo)、經(jīng)濟(jì)社會政策和預(yù)算編制的總體要求，2013年公共財(cái)政預(yù)算主要指標(biāo)擬作如下安排： | On the basis of the targets for economic and social development in 2013, the economic and social policies, and the general requirements for compiling budgets determined at the Central Economic Work Conference, we have set the following targets for public finance budgets in 2013. |
| 中央財(cái)政收入60060億元，比2012年執(zhí)行數(shù)（下同）增長7%；從中央預(yù)算穩(wěn)定調(diào)節(jié)基金調(diào)入1000億元，合計(jì)收入總量為61060億元。中央財(cái)政支出69560億元，增長8.4%。其中，中央本級支出20203億元；中央對地方稅收返還和轉(zhuǎn)移支付48857億元；中央預(yù)備費(fèi)500億元。收支總量相抵，中央財(cái)政赤字8500億元，比2012年增加3000億元。中央財(cái)政國債余額限額91208.35億元。 | Revenue of the central government is projected to reach 6.006 trillion yuan, up 7% on the actual figure for 2012 (here and below). Adding the 100 billion yuan from the central budget stabilization fund, revenue in 2013 should amount to 6.106 trillion yuan. Central government expenditure is estimated at 6.956 trillion yuan, up 8.4%. This consists of 2.0203 trillion yuan incurred at the central level, 4.8857 trillion yuan paid out as tax rebates and transfer payments to local governments, and 50 billion yuan of reserve funds for the central budget. Total expenditure will therefore exceed total revenue, leaving a deficit of 850 billion yuan, 300 billion yuan more than in 2012. The ceiling for the outstanding balance on government bonds in the central budget stands at 9.120835 trillion yuan. |
| 地方本級收入66570億元，增長9%，加上中央對地方稅收返還和轉(zhuǎn)移支付收入48857億元，地方財(cái)政收入合計(jì)115427億元。地方財(cái)政支出117543億元，增長9.9%，加上地方政府債券還本支出1384億元，支出總量為118927億元。地方財(cái)政收支差額3500億元，國務(wù)院同意由財(cái)政部代理發(fā)行地方政府債券彌補(bǔ)，并列入省級預(yù)算管理。（地方財(cái)政收支預(yù)算由地方各級人民政府編制，報(bào)同級人民代表大會批準(zhǔn)，目前尚在匯總中。報(bào)告中地方財(cái)政收支安排數(shù)均為中央財(cái)政代編） | Revenue collected by local governments is projected to be 6.657 trillion yuan, up 9%. Adding the 4.8857 trillion yuan in tax rebates and transfer payments from the central government, revenue of local governments should amount to 11.5427 trillion yuan. Local government expenditure is expected to come to 11.7543 trillion yuan, up 9.9%. Adding the 138.4 billion yuan used to repay the principal on local government bonds, total expenditure will come to 11.8927 trillion yuan. Total expenditure exceeds total revenue by 350 billion yuan, which will be made up, with the approval of the State Council, by the Ministry of Finance issuing bonds on behalf of local governments and incorporated into provincial-level government budgets. (As revenue and expenditure budgets of local governments are compiled by local people's governments and subject to approval of people's congresses at their respective levels, related data is still being collected. The abovementioned revenue and expenditure figures of local budgets have been compiled by the central finance authorities.) |
| 匯總中央和地方預(yù)算，全國財(cái)政收入126630億元，增長8%。加上從中央預(yù)算穩(wěn)定調(diào)節(jié)基金調(diào)入1000億元，可安排的收入總量為127630億元。全國財(cái)政支出138246億元，增長10%，加上地方政府債券還本支出1384億元，支出總量為139630億元。收支差額12000億元，增加4000億元，赤字率為2%左右。 | Combining central and local budgets, national revenue will come to 12.663 trillion yuan, an increase of 8%. Including the 100 billion yuan from the central budget stabilization fund, total available revenue is projected to be 12.763 trillion yuan. National expenditure is budgeted at 13.8246 trillion yuan, up 10%. Adding the 138.4 billion yuan used to repay the principal on local government bonds, total expenditure will come to 13.963 trillion yuan. Total expenditure is projected to exceed total revenue by 1.2 trillion yuan, an increase of 400 billion yuan from last year. This deficit is equivalent to about 2% of GDP. |
| 2013年中央預(yù)算主要收支項(xiàng)目安排情況如下： | Main items provided for in the central budget in 2013 |
| 1．主要收入項(xiàng)目安排情況。 | 1. Main revenue items |
| 國內(nèi)增值稅20950億元，增長6.5%；國內(nèi)消費(fèi)稅8550億元，增長8.6%；進(jìn)口貨物增值稅、消費(fèi)稅15875億元，增長7.3%；關(guān)稅2970億元，增長6.7%；企業(yè)所得稅13123億元，增長8.6%；個人所得稅3815億元，增長9.2%；車輛購置稅2426億元，增長8.9%；出口貨物退增值稅、消費(fèi)稅11110億元，增長6.5%；非稅收入2755億元，下降3.3%，主要是取消和免征部分行政事業(yè)性收費(fèi)。 | Revenue from domestic VAT will amount to 2.095 trillion yuan, up 6.5%; revenue from domestic excise tax, 855 billion yuan, up 8.6%; revenue from VAT and excise tax on imports, 1.5875 trillion yuan, up 7.3%; revenue from customs duties, 297 billion yuan, up 6.7%; revenue from corporate income tax, 1.3123 trillion yuan, up 8.6%; revenue from individual income tax, 381.5 billion yuan, up 9.2%; revenue from vehicle purchase tax, 242.6 billion yuan, up 8.9%; VAT and excise tax rebates on exports, 1.111 trillion yuan, up 6.5%; and non-tax revenue, 275.5 billion yuan, down 3.3%, which is the result of rescinding and exempting some administrative fees. |
| 2．主要支出項(xiàng)目安排情況。 | 2. Main expenditure items |
| 進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化財(cái)政支出結(jié)構(gòu)，突出重點(diǎn)，控制一般，中央財(cái)政主要支出項(xiàng)目擬安排如下： | In compiling the central expenditure budget, we have further improved the spending structure, giving more support to key areas while limiting regular expenditure. The main expenditure items are arranged as follows. |
| 教育支出4132.45億元，增長9.3%。保持財(cái)政教育投入持續(xù)穩(wěn)定增長，加強(qiáng)教育經(jīng)費(fèi)使用管理，提高資金績效。支持學(xué)前教育加快發(fā)展。進(jìn)一步提高農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育經(jīng)費(fèi)保障水平，繼續(xù)實(shí)施農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育階段學(xué)生營養(yǎng)改善計(jì)劃，著力提升農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育薄弱學(xué)校辦學(xué)水平。支持改善普通高中辦學(xué)條件，加強(qiáng)職業(yè)教育基礎(chǔ)能力建設(shè)。支持實(shí)施“985工程”、“2011計(jì)劃”，推進(jìn)高等教育內(nèi)涵式發(fā)展。全面落實(shí)國家資助家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生政策，促進(jìn)教育公平。 | The appropriation for education is 413.245 billion yuan, up 9.3%. We will maintain sustained, steady growth in government education investment and strengthen management over the use of educational funds to ensure they are used more efficiently. We will support the rapid development of preschool education, further increase funding for rural compulsory education, continue the project to improve the nutrition of rural students in compulsory education, and strive to shore up weak rural schools providing compulsory education. We will help to improve the conditions of regular senior secondary schools and strengthen infrastructure for vocational education, support the implementation of Project 985 and Program 2011 to promote intensive development of higher education, faithfully carry out the national policy of providing financial aid to students from poor families, and promote education equality. |
| 科學(xué)技術(shù)支出2529.91億元，增長10.4%。保障國家科技重大專項(xiàng)順利實(shí)施。通過“863計(jì)劃”、國家科技支撐計(jì)劃、公益性行業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)等，支持前沿技術(shù)研究、社會公益研究和重大共性關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究。增加對“973計(jì)劃”等的投入，加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)研究。發(fā)揮國家科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化引導(dǎo)基金的作用，推進(jìn)區(qū)域科技創(chuàng)新公共服務(wù)能力建設(shè)，促進(jìn)創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動發(fā)展。擴(kuò)大科技惠民計(jì)劃試點(diǎn)范圍，加快科技成果走進(jìn)基層、惠及百姓。 | The appropriation for science and technology is 252.991 billion yuan, an increase of 10.4%. This will be used to ensure the smooth implementation of major national science and technology projects, and support research on cutting-edge technologies and major generic key technologies as well as research for public benefit through Program 863, the National Key Technology R&D Program and special research projects in public service industries. We will increase investment in Program 973 and other programs aimed at strengthening basic research. We will leverage the role of the state seed fund for encouraging the application of advances in science and technology, push ahead with building capacity to provide public services for regional scientific and technological innovation, and promote innovation-driven development. The pilot program on using science and technology to benefit the people will be carried out in more areas, and efforts to bring scientific and technological advances within the reach of ordinary people at the community level will be accelerated. |
| 文化體育與傳媒支出540.54億元，增長9.3%。深入推進(jìn)博物館等公益性文化設(shè)施免費(fèi)開放。加強(qiáng)基層公共文化服務(wù)體系建設(shè)。大力支持紅色文化資源、文物保護(hù)重點(diǎn)工程、水下文化遺產(chǎn)和大遺址文物保護(hù)。強(qiáng)化重點(diǎn)媒體國際傳播能力建設(shè)，支持文化產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展，鼓勵文化產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)出口。加強(qiáng)全民健身設(shè)施建設(shè)，啟動體育場館免費(fèi)或低收費(fèi)開放。 | The appropriation for culture, sports, and media is 54.054 billion yuan, up 9.3%. More public cultural facilities such as museums will be opened to the public free of charge and public cultural services at the community level will be improved. We will provide strong support to protecting cultural resources related to the early history of the CPC, key cultural artifacts, underwater cultural heritage, and major cultural and historical sites. The international broadcasting capabilities of key media will be enhanced, and we will support the development of cultural industries and encourage exports of cultural products and services. More public fitness facilities will be built, and stadiums and gymnasiums will be opened to the public free of charge or at low prices. |
| 醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生支出2602.53億元，增長27.1%。提高新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療和城鎮(zhèn)居民基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)的財(cái)政補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，由每人每年240元提高到280元。擴(kuò)大城鄉(xiāng)居民大病保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)，鞏固完善基本藥物制度和基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)行新機(jī)制，加快公立醫(yī)院改革。將城鄉(xiāng)居民基本公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)經(jīng)費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由每人每年25元提高到30元，擴(kuò)大部分服務(wù)項(xiàng)目覆蓋面。繼續(xù)實(shí)施重大公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)項(xiàng)目。擴(kuò)大城鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)療救助范圍，加強(qiáng)對特殊困難人員的醫(yī)療救助。加強(qiáng)食品藥品安全監(jiān)管能力建設(shè)，保護(hù)群眾合法權(quán)益。 | The appropriation for medical and health care stands at 260.253 billion yuan, up 27.1%. We will raise per capita government subsidies for the new type of rural cooperative medical care system and basic medical insurance for non-working urban residents from 240 yuan to 280 yuan per year. We will extend the pilot program to insure urban and rural residents against major diseases to cover more areas, consolidate and improve the system of basic drugs and the new mechanism for running community-level medical and health care institutions, and accelerate reforms in public hospitals. We will raise annual per capita spending on basic public health services from 25 yuan to 30 yuan, and extend the coverage of certain services. We will continue supporting the implementation of major public health service projects, expand the scope of medical assistance, and offer more medical aid to people with special difficulties. In addition, the oversight of food and drug safety will be enhanced to protect people's legitimate rights and interests. |
| 社會保障和就業(yè)支出6550.81億元，增長13.9%。按照10%左右的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)繼續(xù)提高企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金水平。鞏固新型農(nóng)村和城鎮(zhèn)居民社會養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度全覆蓋成果。適當(dāng)提高城鄉(xiāng)居民最低生活保障水平，對中央財(cái)政補(bǔ)助地區(qū)繼續(xù)分別按照月人均15元和12元增加補(bǔ)助。調(diào)整優(yōu)撫對象等人員撫恤和生活補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。繼續(xù)對城鄉(xiāng)低保對象等困難群眾發(fā)放春節(jié)生活補(bǔ)貼。進(jìn)一步完善社會救助體系，保障受災(zāi)群眾基本生活。加大就業(yè)政策扶持力度，支持做好重點(diǎn)群體就業(yè)工作。 | The appropriation for social security and employment is 655.081 billion yuan, up 13.9%. We will further raise the basic pension benefits of enterprise retirees by around 10%, and consolidate past achievements in securing full coverage of the new old-age pension system for rural residents and the old-age pension system for non-working urban residents. We will increase subsistence allowances at an appropriate rate and raise per capita monthly benefits for urban and rural recipients by a further 15 yuan and 12 yuan, respectively, in areas that receive subsidies from the central government. We will adjust subsidies and living allowances for entitled groups, and continue to give out Spring Festival subsidies to needy people, including subsistence allowance recipients. We will further improve the social assistance system and ensure basic living conditions of disaster victims. We will increase policy support for employment and lend key groups a helping hand in finding jobs. |
| 住房保障支出2229.91億元，比上年預(yù)算數(shù)增長5.3%，比上年執(zhí)行數(shù)下降14.3%，主要是上年預(yù)算執(zhí)行中通過調(diào)整支出結(jié)構(gòu)一次性增加了對城鎮(zhèn)保障性安居工程和配套基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)以及農(nóng)村危房改造的投入，同時(shí)2013年保障性安居工程建設(shè)任務(wù)量減少。按照年度建設(shè)任務(wù)計(jì)算，財(cái)政投入力度加大，資金安排重點(diǎn)向公共租賃住房、棚戶區(qū)改造傾斜。 | The appropriation for guaranteeing adequate housing is 222.991 billion yuan, up 5.3% over the budgeted figure and down 14.3% from the actual figure mainly due to a one-off additional investment in building government-subsidized housing and supporting infrastructure in urban areas as well as renovating dilapidated rural homes made while adjusting the spending structure during budget implementation last year. This amount is also based on the consideration that there will be fewer government-subsidized housing projects in 2013. If calculated based on the number of housing projects that will be built this year, however, government investment is actually increasing. Priority will be given to investing in the construction of public rental housing and the renovation of rundown areas. |
| 農(nóng)林水事務(wù)支出6195.88億元，比上年預(yù)算數(shù)增長12.8%，比上年執(zhí)行數(shù)增長3.3%，主要是上年預(yù)算執(zhí)行中通過調(diào)整支出結(jié)構(gòu)一次性增加了重大水利工程和農(nóng)田水利設(shè)施建設(shè)、小型病險(xiǎn)水庫和中小河流治理等方面的投入。提高小型農(nóng)田水利重點(diǎn)縣建設(shè)水平并擴(kuò)大覆蓋面，加強(qiáng)中小河流治理、小型病險(xiǎn)水庫除險(xiǎn)加固和山洪災(zāi)害防治。健全農(nóng)資綜合補(bǔ)貼政策，穩(wěn)定農(nóng)作物良種補(bǔ)貼政策。增加農(nóng)機(jī)購置補(bǔ)貼規(guī)模，提高農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化水平。擴(kuò)大農(nóng)業(yè)保險(xiǎn)保費(fèi)補(bǔ)貼覆蓋范圍，適當(dāng)提高部分險(xiǎn)種補(bǔ)貼比例。實(shí)施種業(yè)等重大農(nóng)業(yè)科技工程，推廣防災(zāi)減災(zāi)穩(wěn)產(chǎn)增產(chǎn)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化。推動現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作組織發(fā)展，支持農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營體制創(chuàng)新和社會化服務(wù)組織建設(shè)。增加農(nóng)業(yè)綜合開發(fā)投入，以糧食主產(chǎn)區(qū)和產(chǎn)糧大縣為重點(diǎn)，繼續(xù)改造中低產(chǎn)田、建設(shè)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田，加快中型灌區(qū)節(jié)水配套改造。健全草原生態(tài)保護(hù)補(bǔ)助獎勵政策，支持草原生態(tài)保護(hù)后續(xù)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。進(jìn)一步完善森林生態(tài)效益補(bǔ)償制度并提高補(bǔ)償標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。完善財(cái)政綜合扶貧政策，支持貧困地區(qū)培育特色優(yōu)勢產(chǎn)業(yè)。扎實(shí)開展村級公益事業(yè)建設(shè)一事一議財(cái)政獎補(bǔ)，加強(qiáng)對已建成項(xiàng)目的后續(xù)管護(hù)。擴(kuò)大國有農(nóng)場辦社會職能改革和農(nóng)村綜合改革示范試點(diǎn)范圍。 | The appropriation for agriculture, forestry, and water conservancy is 619.588 billion yuan, up 12.8% over last year's budgeted figure and 3.3% over last year's actual figure. The disparity between the budgeted and actual figures for last year was primarily due to a one-off increase in investment in building major water conservancy projects and irrigation and water conservancy facilities, reinforcing small dilapidated reservoirs, and cleaning up and improving the flood defenses of small and medium-sized rivers, which was made by adjusting the spending structure in the course of budget implementation. This year's appropriation will be used to improve small irrigation and water conservancy facilities in key counties and extend the project to more counties, strengthen the flood defenses of small and medium-sized rivers, reinforce small dilapidated reservoirs, and prevent and control disasters from mountain torrents. We will improve the policy of providing general subsidies for purchasing agricultural supplies, continue the policy on providing subsidies for superior crop varieties, and increase subsidies for purchasing agricultural machinery to further mechanize China's agriculture. We will expand coverage of subsidies for agricultural insurance premiums and raise subsidies for some types of insurance. We will provide funds for carrying out major agricultural science and technology projects in the seed industry and other industries, spreading key technologies for preventing and mitigating natural disasters and for ensuring stable grain output and further increasing it, and promoting the application of scientific and technological advances in agriculture. We will assist in boosting development of modern agricultural production and specialized farmer cooperatives, and support innovations in agricultural production and operation systems and the development of commercial organizations that provide agricultural services. We will increase investment in overall agricultural development, and with the focus on major grain-producing areas and counties, continue to support the upgrading of low- and medium-yield cropland to high-yield standards as well as the upgrading of water-saving equipment in medium-sized irrigated areas. We will improve the policy on subsidies and awards for grassland ecological conservation and support development of replacement industries, further refine the compensation system for growing and managing forests that bring ecological benefits and increase compensation, improve the comprehensive fiscal policy for poverty alleviation and support poor areas in developing industries with unique features and advantages, and continue to implement the government award and subsidy system for village-level public works projects and strengthen management and maintenance of completed projects. We will extend the pilot reform to relieve state-owned farms of social services and the demonstrations and trials on comprehensive rural reform. |
| 節(jié)能環(huán)保支出2101.27億元，比上年預(yù)算數(shù)增長18.8%，比上年執(zhí)行數(shù)增長5.1%，主要是上年預(yù)算執(zhí)行中通過調(diào)整支出結(jié)構(gòu)一次性增加了建筑節(jié)能、城鎮(zhèn)污水處理設(shè)施配套管網(wǎng)建設(shè)等方面的投入。加大對大氣污染治理的支持力度，創(chuàng)新綜合治理機(jī)制，明確治理責(zé)任，完善相關(guān)制度。推進(jìn)重點(diǎn)節(jié)能工程建設(shè)，推廣先進(jìn)環(huán)保產(chǎn)品，促進(jìn)環(huán)境服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展。加大節(jié)能產(chǎn)品惠民工程實(shí)施力度，加快推廣電機(jī)、風(fēng)機(jī)、水泵等5類工業(yè)節(jié)能產(chǎn)品。推動重點(diǎn)流域水污染防治、污水管網(wǎng)建設(shè)及設(shè)施運(yùn)行，加強(qiáng)水質(zhì)良好湖泊生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)，促進(jìn)解決群眾飲水安全問題。開展重金屬污染綜合防治示范，啟動新一輪農(nóng)村環(huán)境集中連片整治。加強(qiáng)國家“城市礦產(chǎn)”示范基地建設(shè)，促進(jìn)餐廚廢棄物無害化處理和資源化利用，擴(kuò)大園區(qū)循環(huán)化改造試點(diǎn)范圍。繼續(xù)實(shí)施天然林保護(hù)二期工程，鞏固退耕還林成果并提高部分項(xiàng)目補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。支持新能源汽車科技研發(fā)和產(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展，加快發(fā)展新能源、可再生能源和清潔能源。 | The appropriation for energy conservation and environmental protection is 210.127 billion yuan, an increase of 18.8% over last year's budgeted figure and 5.1% over the actual figure. The disparity between the budgeted and actual figures for last year was mainly due to a one-off additional investment in improving the energy efficiency of existing buildings and laying sewers to complement urban sewage treatment facilities when we adjusted the spending structure during budget implementation last year. Support for controlling air pollution will be increased to make innovations in mechanisms for comprehensive treatment, clearly define responsibilities, and refine related rules and regulations. We will lend impetus to building key energy conservation projects, help spread the use of advanced environmentally-friendly products, and boost the development of the environmental services industry. Efforts to promote energy-saving products that benefit the people will be intensified, and the work on spreading the use of five categories of energy-efficient industrial products, including electric motors, draught fans, and water pumps, will be accelerated. We will promote the prevention and control of water pollution in key watersheds as well as the construction and operation of sewer networks, help strengthen ecological conservation in lakes with good water quality, and encourage efforts to resolve the issue of safe drinking water. Demonstrations of comprehensive prevention and control of heavy metal pollution will be carried out, and another round of environmental cleanup in contiguous rural areas will be launched. We will strengthen development of national demonstration centers for recovering mineral resources from city waste, promote harmless disposal of kitchen waste and recovery of resources from it, and extend trials on upgrading industrial parks to make their operations more circular. We will provide funds to continue implementing the second phase of the project to protect virgin forests and consolidate past achievements in returning cultivated land to forests while increasing subsidies for some of these projects. We will support R&D on and the industrial application of new-energy vehicle technologies and accelerate the development of new, renewable, and clean energy. |
| 交通運(yùn)輸支出3973.86億元，增長0.1%。支持公共交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。繼續(xù)對城市公交、農(nóng)村客運(yùn)等公益性行業(yè)給予油價(jià)補(bǔ)貼。支持地方取消政府還貸二級公路收費(fèi)。 | The appropriation for transportation is 397.386 billion yuan, up 0.1%. These funds will be used to support construction of public transportation infrastructure, continue to provide fuel subsidies for public transportation and other public service industries, and provide subsidies to local governments to phase out tolls on government-financed Grade II highways. |
| 國防支出7201.68億元，增長10.7%。加強(qiáng)軍隊(duì)機(jī)械化和信息化建設(shè)，支持改善部隊(duì)官兵工作生活條件，推進(jìn)國防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)，維護(hù)國防安全。 | The appropriation for national defense is 720.168 billion yuan, an increase of 10.7%. Funds will be used to support efforts to make the armed forces more mechanized and information-based, improve the working and living conditions of service personnel, and strengthen national defense and the military so as to safeguard national security. |
| 公共安全支出2029.37億元，增長7.9%。健全政法經(jīng)費(fèi)保障機(jī)制，加強(qiáng)貧困地區(qū)政法機(jī)關(guān)能力建設(shè)，支持開展法律援助。 | The appropriation for public security is 202.937 billion yuan, up 7.9%. This will be used to improve the mechanism for ensuring funding for primary-level procuratorial, judicial, and public security departments, strengthen the capacity of these departments in poor areas, and support the provision of legal assistance. |
| 一般公共服務(wù)支出1350.58億元，增長1.5%，增幅較低主要是落實(shí)中央有關(guān)規(guī)定，從嚴(yán)控制一般性支出，嚴(yán)格控制行政機(jī)關(guān)公用經(jīng)費(fèi)和項(xiàng)目支出。 | Expenditure on general public services will come to 135.058 billion yuan, up 1.5%. The main reason for this relatively small increase is the need to abide by relevant regulations of the central leadership and strictly limit regular spending as well as overheads and project outlays of administrative bodies. |
| 3．中央對地方稅收返還和轉(zhuǎn)移支付安排情況。 | 3. Central government tax rebates and transfer payments to local governments |
| 中央對地方稅收返還和轉(zhuǎn)移支付48857億元，增長7.7%。其中：一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付24538.35億元，增長14.3%；專項(xiàng)轉(zhuǎn)移支付19265.86億元，增長2.5%。在一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付中，均衡性轉(zhuǎn)移支付9812.25億元，增長14.3%（其中：縣級基本財(cái)力保障機(jī)制獎補(bǔ)資金1525億元，增長41.9%；重點(diǎn)生態(tài)功能區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)移支付423億元，增長14%；產(chǎn)糧大縣獎勵資金318.25億元，增長15%），革命老區(qū)、民族和邊境地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)移支付621.9億元，增長11.2%。 | Central government tax rebates and transfer payments to local governments will reach 4.8857 trillion yuan, up 7.7%. Of this amount, general transfer payments will account for 2.453835 trillion yuan, up 14.3%, and special transfer payments will account for 1.926586 trillion yuan, up 2.5%. General transfer payments designed to equalize access to basic public services will reach 981.225 billion yuan, up 14.3%, which includes 152.5 billion yuan in awards and subsidies for implementing the mechanism to ensure basic funding for county-level governments, up 41.9%; 42.3 billion yuan for key ecological zones, up 14%; and 31.825 billion yuan in awards to major grain-producing counties, up 15%. General transfer payments to old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, and border areas will total 62.19 billion yuan, up 11.2%. |
| 4．中央預(yù)算穩(wěn)定調(diào)節(jié)基金情況。 | 4. Overview of the central budget stabilization fund |
| 2012年初預(yù)算調(diào)入使用2700億元后，中央預(yù)算穩(wěn)定調(diào)節(jié)基金余額為1069.78億元；執(zhí)行中用超收收入補(bǔ)充184.15億元后，年底余額為1253.93億元。2013年初預(yù)算調(diào)入使用1000億元后，剩余253.93億元。 | The central budget stabilization fund had a balance of 106.978 billion yuan after the transfer of 270 billion yuan to the budget at the beginning of 2012, and it was replenished with surplus revenue of 18.415 billion yuan during implementation of the budget, leaving a balance of 125.393 billion yuan at the end of the year. Following the transfer of 100 billion yuan to the budget in early 2013, 25.393 billion yuan remains. |
| 匯總以上各項(xiàng)支出，2013年中央財(cái)政用在與人民群眾生活直接相關(guān)的教育、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、社會保障和就業(yè)、保障性安居工程、文化方面的支出安排合計(jì)15712.5億元，比上年預(yù)算數(shù)增長13.5%，比上年執(zhí)行數(shù)增長9.6%；用在公共交通運(yùn)輸、節(jié)能環(huán)保、城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)事務(wù)等方面與人民群眾生活密切相關(guān)的支出安排合計(jì)17150.03億元。中央財(cái)政用于“三農(nóng)”的支出安排合計(jì)13799億元，增長11.4%。其中：支持農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)支出5426.83億元，對農(nóng)民的糧食直補(bǔ)、農(nóng)資綜合補(bǔ)貼、農(nóng)作物良種補(bǔ)貼、農(nóng)機(jī)購置補(bǔ)貼支出1700.55億元，促進(jìn)農(nóng)村教育、衛(wèi)生等社會事業(yè)發(fā)展支出6051.12億元，農(nóng)產(chǎn)品儲備費(fèi)用和利息等支出620.5億元。中央對地方稅收返還和一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付大部分也將用于保障改善民生和“三農(nóng)”方面。 | An analysis of the above expenditures shows that in 2013 the central government will spend a total of 1.57125 trillion yuan, an increase of 13.5% over the budgeted figure and 9.6% over the actual figure, in areas that directly affect people's lives, namely education, medical and health care, social security, employment, government-subsidized housing, and culture. Central government spending on public transportation, energy conservation, environmental protection, community affairs, and other areas closely related to people's lives will amount to 1.715003 trillion yuan. Appropriations from the central budget for agriculture, rural areas, and farmers will total 1.3799 trillion yuan, an increase of 11.4%. This figure consists of 542.683 billion yuan used to support agricultural production; 170.055 billion yuan in direct subsidies to grain growers, general subsidies for purchasing agricultural supplies, and subsidies for purchasing superior crop varieties and agricultural machinery; 605.112 billion yuan for the development of rural education, health care, and other social programs; and 62.05 billion yuan for expenses related to stockpiling agricultural products and associated interest payments. Most central government tax rebates and general transfer payments to local governments will also be used to maintain and improve the quality of people's lives and benefit agriculture, rural areas, and farmers. |
| 需要說明的是，民生和“三農(nóng)”支出不是單獨(dú)的預(yù)算科目，為了便于審議，將與民生和“三農(nóng)”相關(guān)的支出項(xiàng)目綜合反映出來，因而存在一些交叉重復(fù)。 | It should be noted that spending on improving quality of life and on agriculture, rural areas, and farmers does not constitute a single budgetary item. For ease of deliberation, we have combined all spending items concerned, so there is some overlap in the statement of expenditures. |
| （四）政府性基金預(yù)算安排情況。 | 4. Budgets for Government-managed Funds |
| 中央政府性基金收入3619.13億元，增長9.2%。加上上年結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)收入781.02億元，中央政府性基金收入總量為4400.15億元。中央政府性基金支出4400.15億元，增長31.2%。其中：中央本級支出2564.01億元，增長17.9%；對地方轉(zhuǎn)移支付1836.14億元，增長55.7%。 | Receipts of central government-managed funds will come to 361.913 billion yuan, an increase of 9.2%. Adding the 78.102 billion yuan carried forward from last year, total revenue of central government-managed funds will reach 440.015 billion yuan in 2013. Outlays of central government-managed funds will be 440.015 billion yuan, an increase of 31.2%. This figure consists of 256.401 billion yuan of central government spending, up 17.9%, and 183.614 billion yuan in transfer payments to local governments, up 55.7%. |
| 地方政府性基金本級收入33137.02億元，下降3.1%。其中，國有土地使用權(quán)出讓收入27404.01億元，下降3.9%。加上中央政府性基金對地方轉(zhuǎn)移支付1836.14億元，地方政府性基金收入為34973.16億元。地方政府性基金支出34973.16億元，增長3.2%。其中，國有土地使用權(quán)出讓收入安排的支出28046.04億元，下降1.3%。 | Revenue of funds managed by local governments will reach 3.313702 trillion yuan, down 3.1%, which includes 2.740401 trillion yuan from the sale of state-owned land use rights, down 3.9%. Adding the 183.614 billion yuan in transfer payments from central government-managed funds, total revenue of local government-managed funds will reach 3.497316 trillion yuan. Expenditure of local government-managed funds will total 3.497316 trillion yuan, up 3.2%, including 2.804604 trillion yuan of spending earmarked from proceeds of selling state-owned land use rights, down 1.3%. |
| 匯總中央和地方預(yù)算，全國政府性基金收入36756.15億元，下降2%，加上上年結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)收入781.02億元，全國政府性基金收入總量為37537.17億元；全國政府性基金支出37537.17億元，增長4.1%。 | Combined revenue of funds managed by the central and local governments will reach 3.675615 trillion yuan, down 2%. Adding the 78.102 billion yuan carried forward from last year, revenue of government-managed funds nationwide will total 3.753717 trillion yuan. Expenditure of these funds will amount to 3.753717 trillion yuan, up 4.1%. |
| （五）國有資本經(jīng)營預(yù)算安排情況。 | 5. Budgets for state capital operations |
| 中央國有資本經(jīng)營收入1011億元，增長4.1%。加上上年結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)收入72.11億元，中央國有資本經(jīng)營收入總量為1083.11億元。中央國有資本經(jīng)營支出1083.11億元，增長16.5%。其中，調(diào)入公共財(cái)政預(yù)算用于社會保障等民生支出65億元，增長30%。 | Revenue from the central government's state capital operations will reach 101.1 billion yuan, an increase of 4.1% over 2012. Adding the 7.211 billion yuan carried over from last year, revenue will total 108.311 billion yuan. Expenditure financed by state capital operations will come to 108.311 billion yuan, an increase of 16.5%, including 6.5 billion yuan, up 30%, transferred to the public finance budget to be spent on improving the quality of people's lives, such as social security. |
| 地方國有資本經(jīng)營收入558.4億元，地方國有資本經(jīng)營支出558.4億元。 | Revenue and expenditure from local government state capital operations will each amount to 55.84 billion yuan. |
| 匯總中央和地方預(yù)算，全國國有資本經(jīng)營收入1569.4億元，加上上年結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)收入72.11億元，全國國有資本經(jīng)營收入總量為1641.51億元；全國國有資本經(jīng)營支出1641.51億元。 | Combining central and local budgets, national revenue from state capital operations will reach 156.94 billion yuan, and adding the 7.211 billion yuan carried over from last year, total revenue is projected to be 164.151 billion yuan. Expenditure from these operations will come to the same amount. |
| 社會保險(xiǎn)基金預(yù)算已試編三年，相關(guān)制度體系和管理機(jī)制逐步建立。按照全國人大的要求，我們會同人力資源社會保障部、衛(wèi)生部首次正式編制了2013年全國社會保險(xiǎn)基金預(yù)算，包括社會保險(xiǎn)法已明確的各項(xiàng)基金。匯總中央和地方預(yù)算，全國社會保險(xiǎn)基金收入32828.78億元，比2012年預(yù)計(jì)執(zhí)行數(shù)增長9.9%，其中保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)收入24663.72億元、財(cái)政補(bǔ)貼收入7180.31億元。全國社會保險(xiǎn)基金支出27913.31億元，比2012年預(yù)計(jì)執(zhí)行數(shù)增長16.8%。本年收支結(jié)余4915.47億元，年末滾存結(jié)余40943.1億元。 | Budgets for social insurance funds have been compiled on a trial basis for the past three years, and relevant institutional systems and management mechanisms have been established over time. In accordance with the requirements of the NPC, we worked together with the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Ministry of Health to officially prepare the 2013 national budget for social insurance funds, the first of its kind in China, which includes every fund prescribed in the Social Insurance Law. Combining central and local budgets, nationwide revenue of social insurance funds will be 3.282878 trillion yuan, an increase of 9.9% over the estimated figure for 2012. This includes 2.466372 trillion yuan of insurance premiums and 718.031 billion yuan of government subsidies. Expenditure of social insurance funds will total 2.791331 trillion yuan nationwide, an increase of 16.8% over the estimated figure for 2012. This year, revenue will exceed expenditure, leaving a surplus of 491.547 billion yuan, and the year-end balance is projected to be 4.09431 trillion yuan once the balance from 2012 has been rolled over. |
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