現在，我代表國務院，向大會報告政府工作，請予審議，并請全國政協(xié)委員提出意見。

On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government for your deliberation and also for comments from members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).

一、2023年工作回顧

I. A Review of Our Work in 2023

過去一年，是全面貫徹黨的二十大精神的開局之年，是本屆政府依法履職的第一年。面對異常復雜的國際環(huán)境和艱巨繁重的改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定任務，以習近平同志為核心的黨中央團結帶領全國各族人民，頂住外部壓力、克服內部困難，付出艱辛努力，新冠疫情防控實現平穩(wěn)轉段、取得重大決定性勝利，全年經濟社會發(fā)展主要目標任務圓滿完成，高質量發(fā)展扎實推進，社會大局保持穩(wěn)定，全面建設社會主義現代化國家邁出堅實步伐。

2023 was the first year for fully implementing the guiding principles from the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC). It was also this government's first year to perform its duties in accordance with the law. In the face of an unusually complex international environment and the challenging tasks of advancing reform and development and ensuring stability at home, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core brought together the Chinese people of all ethnic groups and led them in withstanding external pressures and overcoming internal difficulties with dedicated efforts. 

We secured a smooth transition in epidemic response following a major, decisive victory in the fight against Covid-19. The main goals and tasks for economic and social development in 2023 were accomplished, and we made steady progress in pursuing high-quality development, maintained overall social stability, and made solid advances in building a modern socialist country in all respects.

——經濟總體回升向好。國內生產總值超過126萬億元，增長5.2%，增速居世界主要經濟體前列。城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1244萬人，城鎮(zhèn)調查失業(yè)率平均為5.2%。居民消費價格上漲0.2%。國際收支基本平衡。

— Overall economic recovery and growth were boosted. 

China's gross domestic product (GDP) surpassed 126 trillion yuan, an increase of 5.2 percent, ranking China among the fastest-growing major economies in the world. A total of 12.44 million urban jobs were added, and the average surveyed urban unemployment rate stood at 5.2 percent. The consumer price index (CPI) rose by 0.2 percent. A basic equilibrium was maintained in the balance of payments.

——現代化產業(yè)體系建設取得重要進展。傳統(tǒng)產業(yè)加快轉型升級，戰(zhàn)略性新興產業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展，未來產業(yè)有序布局，先進制造業(yè)和現代服務業(yè)深度融合，一批重大產業(yè)創(chuàng)新成果達到國際先進水平。國產大飛機C919投入商業(yè)運營，國產大型郵輪成功建造，新能源汽車產銷量占全球比重超過60%。

— Significant progress was made in building a modernized industrial system. 

Traditional industries saw accelerated transformation and upgrading, strategic emerging industries achieved vigorous growth, and ground work was laid for developing industries of the future. Advanced manufacturing was further integrated with modern services, and a number of world-class innovations were made in major industries. C919, a homemade airliner, went into commercial operation, and a domestically-built large cruise ship was delivered. China accounted for over 60 percent of global electric vehicle output and sales.

——科技創(chuàng)新實現新的突破。國家實驗室體系建設有力推進。關鍵核心技術攻關成果豐碩，航空發(fā)動機、燃氣輪機、第四代核電機組等高端裝備研制取得長足進展，人工智能、量子技術等前沿領域創(chuàng)新成果不斷涌現。技術合同成交額增長28.6%。創(chuàng)新驅動發(fā)展能力持續(xù)提升。

— New breakthroughs were made in scientific and technological innovation. 

We made major headway in establishing a system of national laboratories and achieved fruitful results in developing core technologies in key fields. Substantial progress was made in the research and development (R&D) of high-end equipment, such as aircraft engines, gas turbines, and 4th-generation nuclear power units. A stream of innovations emerged in frontier areas such as artificial intelligence (AI) and quantum technology. The volume of contracted technology transactions grew by 28.6 percent. These achievements have further enhanced our capacity for innovation-driven development.

——改革開放向縱深推進。新一輪機構改革中央層面基本完成，地方層面有序展開。加強全國統(tǒng)一大市場建設。實施國有企業(yè)改革深化提升行動，出臺促進民營經濟發(fā)展壯大政策。自貿試驗區(qū)建設布局進一步完善。出口占國際市場份額保持穩(wěn)定，實際使用外資結構優(yōu)化，共建“一帶一路”的國際影響力、感召力更為彰顯。

— Reform and opening up were deepened. 

The latest round of institutional reform at the central government level was generally completed, and such reform at the local government level proceeded in a well-planned way. We stepped up efforts to build a unified national market, launched an initiative to deepen and upgrade state-owned enterprise (SOE) reform, and adopted policies to spur the growth of the private sector. The layout of pilot free trade zones was further improved, and the global market share of China's exports remained stable. The mix of utilized foreign investment was improved; the Belt and Road Initiative cooperation gained greater international influence and appeal.

——安全發(fā)展基礎鞏固夯實。糧食產量1.39萬億斤，再創(chuàng)歷史新高。能源資源供應穩(wěn)定。重要產業(yè)鏈供應鏈自主可控能力提升。經濟金融重點領域風險穩(wěn)步化解?，F代化基礎設施建設不斷加強。

— The foundations for secure development were further consolidated. 

Grain output reached a record of 695 million metric tons. The supply of energy and resources remained stable. China's important industrial and supply chains became more self-supporting and related risks were better controlled. Steady progress was made in defusing major economic and financial risks. Infrastructure was further modernized.

——生態(tài)環(huán)境質量穩(wěn)中改善。污染防治攻堅戰(zhàn)深入開展，主要污染物排放量繼續(xù)下降，地表水和近岸海域水質持續(xù)好轉。“三北”工程攻堅戰(zhàn)全面啟動?？稍偕茉窗l(fā)電裝機規(guī)模歷史性超過火電，全年新增裝機超過全球一半。

— The environment saw steady improvements. 

Thanks to further steps to prevent and control pollution, the discharge of major pollutants continued to fall and the quality of surface water and offshore water continued to improve. The shelterbelt program in northeast, north, and northwest China entered a crucial stage. China's installed renewable energy capacity surpassed its thermal power capacity for the first time in history, and China accounted for over half of newly installed renewable energy capacity worldwide.

——民生保障有力有效。居民人均可支配收入增長6.1%，城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距繼續(xù)縮小。脫貧攻堅成果鞏固拓展，脫貧地區(qū)農村居民收入增長8.4%。加大義務教育、基本養(yǎng)老、基本醫(yī)療等財政補助力度，擴大救助保障對象范圍。提高“一老一小”個人所得稅專項附加扣除標準，6600多萬納稅人受益。加強城鎮(zhèn)老舊小區(qū)改造和保障性住房供給，惠及上千萬家庭。

— People's wellbeing was ensured. 

Per capita disposable income of residents increased by 6.1 percent, and the income gap between urban and rural residents continued to narrow. The gains of poverty elimination were consolidated and expanded, with per capita income in rural areas that have been lifted out of poverty growing by 8.4 percent. We increased subsidies for compulsory education, basic old-age insurance, and basic medical insurance and expanded the coverage of assistance and support. Over 66 million taxpayers benefited from an increase in special additional deductions for individual income tax, which cover children nursing expenses, children's education, and elderly care expenses. We redoubled efforts to renovate old urban residential compounds and develop government-subsidized housing, benefiting over 10 million households.

回顧過去一年，多重困難挑戰(zhàn)交織疊加，我國經濟波浪式發(fā)展、曲折式前進，成績來之不易。從國際看，世界經濟復蘇乏力，地緣政治沖突加劇，保護主義、單邊主義上升，外部環(huán)境對我國發(fā)展的不利影響持續(xù)加大。從國內看，經歷三年新冠疫情沖擊，經濟恢復發(fā)展本身有不少難題，長期積累的深層次矛盾加速顯現，很多新情況新問題又接踵而至。外需下滑和內需不足碰頭，周期性和結構性問題并存，一些地方的房地產、地方債務、中小金融機構等風險隱患凸顯，部分地區(qū)遭受洪澇、臺風、地震等嚴重自然災害。在這種情況下，政策抉擇和工作推進面臨的兩難多難問題明顯增加。經過全國上下共同努力，不僅實現了全年預期發(fā)展目標，許多方面還出現積極向好變化。特別是我們深化了新時代做好經濟工作的規(guī)律性認識，積累了克服重大困難的寶貴經驗。實踐充分表明，在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下，中國人民有勇氣、有智慧、有能力戰(zhàn)勝任何艱難險阻，中國發(fā)展必將長風破浪、未來可期！

Looking back at 2023, we can see that as we faced an array of interwoven difficulties and challenges, China's economy grew in a wave-like fashion amid twists and turns. Indeed, our achievements did not come easily. 

Globally, the economic recovery was sluggish. Geopolitical conflicts became more acute, protectionism and unilateralism were on the rise, and the external environment exerted a more adverse impact on China's development. 

Domestically, owing to the impact of a three-year Covid-19 pandemic, many difficulties facing our economic recovery and development had yet to be resolved. While deep-seated, long-standing issues became more pronounced, many new developments and problems emerged. A drop in external demand coincided with a lack of domestic demand, and both cyclical and structural issues existed. Risks and potential dangers in real estate, local government debt, and small and medium financial institutions were acute in some areas. Some places were hit hard by natural disasters, such as floods, typhoons, and earthquakes. Under these circumstances, we faced considerably more dilemmas in making policy decisions and doing our work. 

However, thanks to the concerted efforts of the entire nation, we accomplished the year's development goals and embraced positive changes on many fronts. In particular, we acquired a deeper understanding of the laws governing economic work in the new era and gained valuable experience in overcoming major difficulties. All this demonstrates that under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, the Chinese people have the courage, vision, and strength to meet any challenge and overcome any obstacle. There is no doubt that in pursuing development, China will continue to surge ahead, cleave mighty waves, and advance toward a great future.

一年來，我們深入學習貫徹黨的二十大和二十屆二中全會精神，按照黨中央決策部署，主要做了以下工作。

Last year, we thoroughly studied and implemented the guiding principles from the 20th CPC National Congress and the Second Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee and implemented the decisions and plans of the Party Central Committee. On that basis, we mainly carried out the following work:

一是加大宏觀調控力度，推動經濟運行持續(xù)好轉。針對嚴峻挑戰(zhàn)和疫后經濟恢復特點，我們統(tǒng)籌穩(wěn)增長和增后勁，突出固本培元，注重精準施策，把握宏觀調控時、度、效，加強逆周期調節(jié)，不搞“大水漫灌”和短期強刺激，更多在推動高質量發(fā)展上用力，全年經濟運行呈現前低中高后穩(wěn)態(tài)勢。圍繞擴大內需、優(yōu)化結構、提振信心、防范化解風險，延續(xù)優(yōu)化一批階段性政策，及時推出一批新政策，打出有力有效的政策組合拳。財政政策加力提效，加強重點領域支出保障，全年新增稅費優(yōu)惠超過2.2萬億元，增發(fā)1萬億元國債支持災后恢復重建、提升防災減災救災能力。貨幣政策精準有力，兩次降低存款準備金率、兩次下調政策利率，科技創(chuàng)新、先進制造、普惠小微、綠色發(fā)展等貸款大幅增長。出臺支持汽車、家居、電子產品、旅游等消費政策，大宗消費穩(wěn)步回升，生活服務消費加快恢復。發(fā)揮政府投資撬動作用，制定促進民間投資政策，能源、水利等基礎設施和制造業(yè)投資較快增長。因城施策優(yōu)化房地產調控，推動降低房貸成本，積極推進保交樓工作。制定實施一攬子化解地方債務方案，分類處置金融風險，守住了不發(fā)生系統(tǒng)性風險的底線。

1. We strengthened macro regulation and promoted steady economic recovery and growth. 

In light of grave challenges and the particular conditions of the post-Covid economic recovery, we took coordinated steps to ensure stable growth and sustain its momentum, and gave priority to consolidating the foundations of the economy and taking targeted measures. We ensured the proper timing, intensity, and effect in conducting macro regulation, and strengthened counter-cyclical adjustments. We refrained from resorting to a deluge of stimulus policies or strong short-term stimulus measures, and made greater efforts to promote high-quality development. Over the course of the year, China's economy experienced a slow start, but reached a midyear peak, and achieved stable growth in the latter half. 

To expand domestic demand, improve the economic structure, bolster confidence, and prevent and defuse risks, we adopted a full range of robust and effective policies, namely, extending and improving a number of time-limited policies and rolling out a new batch of timely policies. 

We enhanced the intensity and effectiveness of fiscal policies and ensured spending in key areas. Additional tax and fee relief measures introduced last year resulted in savings exceeding 2.2 trillion yuan, and an additional 1 trillion yuan of treasury bonds was issued to support post-disaster recovery and reconstruction and build up capacity for disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief. 

Monetary policies were implemented in a targeted and effective way. Required reserve ratios and policy interest rates were lowered two times, and there was a significant increase in loans issued to support scientific and technological innovation, advanced manufacturing, micro and small businesses, and green development initiatives. 

Thanks to policies to boost consumer spending such as those on automobiles, home furnishing, electronic products, and tourism, spending on big-ticket items steadily picked up and consumption of consumer services recovered quickly. 

We fully leveraged the role of government investment in boosting overall investment and adopted policies for promoting non-governmental investment. There was rapid growth in investments in energy and water conservancy infrastructure as well as the manufacturing sector. 

We improved city-specific policies on real estate regulation, worked to lower housing mortgage costs, and ensured the delivery of housing projects. We formulated and implemented a package of steps to address local government debt, dealt with financial risks by type, and ensured that no systemic risks arose.

二是依靠創(chuàng)新引領產業(yè)升級，增強城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域發(fā)展新動能。強化國家戰(zhàn)略科技力量，加快實施重大科技項目。全面部署推進新型工業(yè)化。出臺穩(wěn)定工業(yè)經濟運行、支持先進制造業(yè)舉措，提高重點行業(yè)企業(yè)研發(fā)費用加計扣除比例，推動重點產業(yè)鏈高質量發(fā)展，工業(yè)企業(yè)利潤由降轉升。數字經濟加快發(fā)展，5G用戶普及率超過50%。深入實施新型城鎮(zhèn)化戰(zhàn)略，進一步放寬放開城市落戶條件，增強縣城綜合承載能力，常住人口城鎮(zhèn)化率提高到66.2%。強化農業(yè)發(fā)展支持政策，有力開展抗災奪豐收，實施新一輪千億斤糧食產能提升行動，鄉(xiāng)村振興扎實推進。完善區(qū)域協(xié)調發(fā)展體制機制，在落實區(qū)域重大戰(zhàn)略方面推出一批新舉措，實施一批重大項目，區(qū)域發(fā)展協(xié)調性、平衡性不斷增強。

2. We promoted industrial upgrading through innovation and gained new momentum for coordinated urban-rural and regional development.

To build China's strength in strategic science and technology, we stepped up efforts to implement major science and technology programs. We adopted an overarching plan to advance new industrialization. We took measures to ensure the stable performance of the industrial sector and support advanced manufacturing, and increased the additional tax deductions for R&D expenses of enterprises in key industries. This helped promote high-quality development of key industrial chains. As a result, industrial enterprise profits stopped declining and began growing. 

The digital economy posted rapid growth, and 5G penetration rate in China topped 50 percent. The new urbanization strategy was further advanced. Restrictions on permanent urban residency were further relaxed or lifted, the overall carrying capacity of county seats was increased, and the share of permanent urban residents in the total population rose to 66.2 percent. 

We adopted stronger support policies to develop agriculture and took effective steps to protect against natural disasters and ensure good harvests. New initiatives were launched to increase grain production capacity by 50 million metric tons, and solid progress was made in rural revitalization. 

The systems and mechanisms for coordinated regional development were refined. We adopted new measures and launched major projects to implement major regional strategies, thus ensuring better coordinated and more balanced regional development.

三是深化改革擴大開放，持續(xù)改善營商環(huán)境。出臺建設全國統(tǒng)一大市場總體工作方案，清理一批妨礙公平競爭的政策規(guī)定。分別推出支持國有企業(yè)、民營企業(yè)、外資企業(yè)發(fā)展政策，建立政企常態(tài)化溝通交流機制，開展清理拖欠企業(yè)賬款專項行動，加強違規(guī)收費整治。深化財稅金融、農業(yè)農村、生態(tài)環(huán)保等領域改革。推動外貿穩(wěn)規(guī)模、優(yōu)結構，電動汽車、鋰電池、光伏產品“新三樣”出口增長近30%。完善吸引外資政策，拓展制度型開放。扎實推進共建“一帶一路”高質量發(fā)展，與共建國家貿易投資較快增長。

3. We deepened reform, expanded opening up, and continued to improve the business environment.

A master plan for building a unified national market was released, and a number of policies and regulations that impeded fair competition were abolished. We adopted separate policies on supporting the development of SOEs, private enterprises, and foreign-funded enterprises, and put in place a mechanism for regular government-business communication. Special initiatives were launched to settle overdue payments owed to enterprises, and intensified efforts were made to end unjustified charges.

Reforms were deepened in the fiscal, taxation, and financial systems, in agriculture and rural areas, and in ecological conservation, environmental protection, and other areas. The volume of foreign trade remained stable and its mix was improved, and there was a 30-percent increase in exports of the "new trio," namely, electric vehicles, lithium-ion batteries, and photovoltaic products.

We improved policies to attract foreign investment and expanded institutional opening up. We took solid steps to promote high-quality Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) cooperation, achieving rapid growth in trade and investment with our BRI partners.

四是強化生態(tài)環(huán)境保護治理，加快發(fā)展方式綠色轉型。深入推進美麗中國建設。持續(xù)打好藍天、碧水、凈土保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)。加快實施重要生態(tài)系統(tǒng)保護和修復重大工程。抓好水土流失、荒漠化綜合防治。加強生態(tài)環(huán)保督察。制定支持綠色低碳產業(yè)發(fā)展政策。推進重點行業(yè)超低排放改造。啟動首批碳達峰試點城市和園區(qū)建設。積極參與和推動全球氣候治理。

4. We stepped up efforts to protect and improve the environment and accelerated the transition to a model of green development.

We advanced the Beautiful China Initiative and continued efforts to keep the skies blue, waters clear, and lands clean. We accelerated the implementation of major projects for protecting and restoring key ecosystems. Comprehensive prevention and treatment of soil erosion and desertification were intensified. Environmental inspection was stepped up.

Policies were adopted to support the development of green and low-carbon industries. Ultra-low emission retrofitting was carried out in key industries. Trials for peaking carbon emissions began in the first group of cities and industrial parks. China actively participated in and promoted global climate governance.

五是著力抓好民生保障，推進社會事業(yè)發(fā)展。聚焦群眾關切，辦好民生實事。高度重視穩(wěn)就業(yè)，出臺支持企業(yè)穩(wěn)崗拓崗政策，加強高校畢業(yè)生等重點群體就業(yè)促進服務，脫貧人口務工規(guī)模超過3300萬。強化義務教育薄弱環(huán)節(jié)建設，做好“雙減”工作，國家助學貸款提標降息惠及1100多萬學生。落實新冠病毒感染“乙類乙管”措施，扎實做好流感、支原體肺炎等傳染病防治。實施職工醫(yī)保普通門診統(tǒng)籌。加強社區(qū)綜合服務設施建設，大力發(fā)展老年助餐服務。提高優(yōu)撫標準。強化困難群眾兜底保障。有效應對海河等流域特大洪澇災害，做好甘肅積石山地震等搶險救援，加強災后恢復重建。推動文化傳承發(fā)展，旅游市場全面恢復。群眾體育蓬勃開展，成都大運會、杭州亞運會和亞殘運會成功舉辦，我國體育健兒勇創(chuàng)佳績。

5. We made every effort to ensure public wellbeing and advanced the development of social programs.

We addressed the people's concerns and delivered benefits to them. We adopted, with a strong emphasis on keeping employment stable, policies to support enterprises in stabilizing and expanding employment and improved services to help college graduates and other key groups secure employment. Over 33 million people lifted out of poverty found jobs last year. 

We intensified efforts to shore up weak links in compulsory education and relieve students of excessive burdens from homework and off-campus tutoring. The cap on government-subsidized student loans was raised and their interest rates were lowered, benefiting more than 11 million college students.

Measures for dealing with Class B infectious diseases were applied in Covid-19 response, and solid steps were taken to prevent and control infectious diseases such as flu and mycoplasma pneumonia. Outpatient expenditures were covered by funds under unified management in the basic medical insurance system for urban employees. 

We improved comprehensive public service facilities in communities and did more to develop assisted catering services for the elderly. Benefits for entitled groups were increased. We ensured that the basic needs of people in difficulty were met. We responded effectively to major floods in the Hai River basin and other basins, carried out rescue and relief operations in the earthquake-hit Jishishan of Gansu Province and other disaster-hit areas, and supported post-disaster recovery and reconstruction efforts. 

We promoted cultural preservation and development and realized a full recovery in the tourism market. Recreational sports developed vigorously. The 2021 FISU World University Games in Chengdu and the 19th Asian Games and the 4th Asian Para Games in Hangzhou were successfully concluded, and Chinese athletes excelled in competition.

六是全面加強政府建設，大力提升治理效能。堅定維護以習近平同志為核心的黨中央權威和集中統(tǒng)一領導，當好貫徹黨中央決策部署的執(zhí)行者、行動派、實干家。深入開展學習貫徹習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想主題教育。堅持把政治建設擺在首位，全面提高政府履職能力。深入推進法治政府建設。提請全國人大常委會審議法律議案10件，制定修訂行政法規(guī)25部，實施提升行政執(zhí)法質量三年行動。自覺依法接受監(jiān)督。認真辦理人大代表建議和政協(xié)委員提案。注重調查研究，努力使政策和工作符合實際、貼近群眾。優(yōu)化督查工作機制。加強黨風廉政建設和反腐敗斗爭。嚴格落實中央八項規(guī)定精神，持續(xù)糾治“四風”，有力推進金融單位、國有企業(yè)等巡視整改工作。創(chuàng)新和完善城鄉(xiāng)基層治理。扎實做好信訪工作。狠抓安全生產和應急管理，開展重大事故隱患專項排查整治。推動完善國家安全體系。加強社會治安綜合治理，有效打擊電信網絡詐騙等違法犯罪活動，平安中國建設取得新進展。

6. We worked to improve government performance across the board and redoubled efforts to enhance governance.

We were firm in upholding the authority of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core and its centralized, unified leadership and took decisive, rapid, and effective steps to fully implement the decisions and plans of the Party Central Committee. We launched initiatives to gain a good understanding of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and act on it. With top priority given to political advancement, we enhanced the government's capacity to perform its duties in all areas. 

We made further progress in building a rule of law government. We submitted 10 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC) for deliberation, formulated or revised 25 sets of administrative regulations, and launched a three-year action plan for improving administrative law enforcement. We readily accepted oversight in compliance with the law and handled with full attention suggestions and proposals from NPC deputies and CPPCC National Committee members.

We prioritized research and studies and saw to it that our policies and work were grounded in reality and pertained to public concerns. We improved the mechanisms for conducting inspections and made a stronger push to improve Party conduct, build integrity, and fight corruption. We strictly implemented the central Party leadership's eight-point decision on improving work conduct, continued to rectify pointless formalities, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, and effectively conducted inspections and rectifications in financial institutions, SOEs, and other institutions. 

We developed new and improved ways of conducting governance in urban and rural communities and took solid steps to handle public complaints. We redoubled efforts to ensure workplace safety and improve emergency management and launched special initiatives to identify and address potential dangers that could cause major accidents. 

China's national security system was improved. We adopted a full range of steps to maintain law and order and cracked down hard on telecom and online fraud and other criminal activities, thus making new progress in building a Peaceful China.

一年來，中國特色大國外交全面推進。習近平主席等黨和國家領導人出訪多國，出席金磚國家領導人會晤、亞太經合組織領導人非正式會議、東亞合作領導人系列會議等重大多雙邊活動。成功舉辦中國－中亞峰會、第三屆“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇等重大主場外交活動。推動構建人類命運共同體，落實全球發(fā)展倡議、全球安全倡議、全球文明倡議，深化拓展全球伙伴關系，在解決國際和地區(qū)熱點問題中發(fā)揮積極建設性作用。中國為促進世界和平與發(fā)展作出了重要貢獻。

In 2023, we advanced major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics on all fronts. President Xi Jinping and other Party and state leaders visited many countries and attended major bilateral and multilateral events such as the 15th BRICS Summit, the 30th APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting, and the leaders' meetings on East Asian cooperation. China hosted a number of major diplomatic events, including the China-Central Asia Summit and the Third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation. 

We promoted the building of a human community with a shared future and strived to put into action the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative. We further expanded global partnerships and played an active and constructive role in addressing international and regional hotspot issues. With these efforts, China has made important contributions to global peace and development.

各位代表！

Fellow Deputies,

過去一年取得的成績，根本在于習近平總書記領航掌舵，在于習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想科學指引，是以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導的結果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民團結奮斗的結果。我代表國務院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界人士，表示衷心感謝！向香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門特別行政區(qū)同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示衷心感謝！向關心和支持中國現代化建設的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示衷心感謝！

We owe our achievements in 2023 to General Secretary Xi Jinping, who is at the helm charting the course, to the sound guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, to the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, and to the concerted efforts of the whole Party, the armed forces, and Chinese people of all ethnic groups. 

On behalf of the State Council, I express sincere gratitude to all our people, and to all other political parties, people's organizations, and public figures from all sectors of society. I express heartfelt appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, in Taiwan, and overseas. I also express heartfelt thanks to the governments of other countries, international organizations, and friends across the world who have shown understanding and support for us in China as we pursue modernization.

在肯定成績的同時，我們也清醒看到面臨的困難和挑戰(zhàn)。世界經濟增長動能不足，地區(qū)熱點問題頻發(fā)，外部環(huán)境的復雜性、嚴峻性、不確定性上升。我國經濟持續(xù)回升向好的基礎還不穩(wěn)固，有效需求不足，部分行業(yè)產能過剩，社會預期偏弱，風險隱患仍然較多，國內大循環(huán)存在堵點，國際循環(huán)存在干擾。部分中小企業(yè)和個體工商戶經營困難。就業(yè)總量壓力和結構性矛盾并存，公共服務仍有不少短板。一些地方基層財力比較緊張?？萍紕?chuàng)新能力還不強。重點領域改革仍有不少硬骨頭要啃。生態(tài)環(huán)境保護治理任重道遠。安全生產的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)不容忽視。政府工作存在不足，形式主義、官僚主義現象仍較突出，一些改革發(fā)展舉措落實不到位。有的干部缺乏擔當實干精神，消極避責、做表面文章。一些領域腐敗問題仍然多發(fā)。我們一定直面問題和挑戰(zhàn)，盡心竭力做好工作，決不辜負人民期待和重托！

While recognizing our achievements, we are keenly aware of problems and challenges that confront us.

Global economic growth lacks steam, and regional hotspot issues keep erupting. China's external environment has become more complex, severe, and uncertain. 

The foundation for China's sustained economic recovery and growth is not solid enough, as evidenced by a lack of effective demand, overcapacity in some industries, weak public expectations, and many lingering risks and hidden dangers. Furthermore, there are blockages in domestic economic flows, and the global economy is affected by disruptions. 

Some small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and self-employed individuals face difficulties in their operations. We are confronted with both pressure on overall job creation and structural employment problems, and there are still many weak links in public services. Some primary-level governments are facing fiscal difficulties. 

China's capacity for scientific and technological innovation needs to be further improved. There are still many challenging issues concerning reforms in key areas that need to be addressed. We have a long way to go in protecting and improving the environment, and weak links in workplace safety should not be ignored. 

There is also room for improvement in the work of the government. Pointless formalities and bureaucratism remain acute, and some reform and development steps have yet to be fully implemented. Some officials lack the readiness to get down to work, evade responsibilities, and do their work in a perfunctory way. Corruption remains a common problem in some sectors.

But you can rest assured that we will face these problems and challenges head-on, make every effort to deliver, and do our utmost to live up to the expectations and trust of the people.

二、2024年經濟社會發(fā)展總體要求和政策取向

II. Overall Requirements and Policy Orientation for Economic and Social Development in 2024

今年是中華人民共和國成立75周年，是實現“十四五”規(guī)劃目標任務的關鍵一年。做好政府工作，要在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下，以習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想為指導，全面貫徹落實黨的二十大和二十屆二中全會精神，按照中央經濟工作會議部署，堅持穩(wěn)中求進工作總基調，完整、準確、全面貫徹新發(fā)展理念，加快構建新發(fā)展格局，著力推動高質量發(fā)展，全面深化改革開放，推動高水平科技自立自強，加大宏觀調控力度，統(tǒng)籌擴大內需和深化供給側結構性改革，統(tǒng)籌新型城鎮(zhèn)化和鄉(xiāng)村全面振興，統(tǒng)籌高質量發(fā)展和高水平安全，切實增強經濟活力、防范化解風險、改善社會預期，鞏固和增強經濟回升向好態(tài)勢，持續(xù)推動經濟實現質的有效提升和量的合理增長，增進民生福祉，保持社會穩(wěn)定，以中國式現代化全面推進強國建設、民族復興偉業(yè)。

This year marks the 75th anniversary of the People's Republic of China. It is also a crucial year for achieving the objectives and tasks laid down in the 14th Five-Year Plan. For the government to deliver, it is important, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, to do the following: 

■ follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era

■ implement the guiding principles from the Party's 20th National Congress and the Second Plenary Session of the 20th Party Central Committee

■ act on the guidelines of the Central Economic Work Conference

■ adhere to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability

■ fully and faithfully apply the new development philosophy on all fronts, move faster to create a new pattern of development, and promote high-quality development

■ deepen reform and opening up across the board

■ achieve greater self-reliance and strength in science and technology

■ strengthen macro regulation

■ expand domestic demand and deepen supply-side structural reform

■ promote new urbanization and all-around rural revitalization in a coordinated way

■ ensure both high-quality development and greater security

■ boost economic vitality, prevent and defuse risks, and improve public expectations

■ consolidate and build momentum for economic recovery and growth

■ continue to effectively pursue higher-quality economic growth and appropriately increase economic output

■ improve the people's wellbeing

■ maintain overall social stability

These efforts will ensure that we make further progress in building a great country and advancing national rejuvenation on all fronts through Chinese modernization.

綜合分析研判，今年我國發(fā)展面臨的環(huán)境仍是戰(zhàn)略機遇和風險挑戰(zhàn)并存，有利條件強于不利因素。我國具有顯著的制度優(yōu)勢、超大規(guī)模市場的需求優(yōu)勢、產業(yè)體系完備的供給優(yōu)勢、高素質勞動者眾多的人才優(yōu)勢，科技創(chuàng)新能力在持續(xù)提升，新產業(yè)、新模式、新動能在加快壯大，發(fā)展內生動力在不斷積聚，經濟回升向好、長期向好的基本趨勢沒有改變也不會改變，必須增強信心和底氣。同時要堅持底線思維，做好應對各種風險挑戰(zhàn)的充分準備。只要我們貫徹落實好黨中央決策部署，緊緊抓住有利時機、用好有利條件，把各方面干事創(chuàng)業(yè)的積極性充分調動起來，一定能戰(zhàn)勝困難挑戰(zhàn)，推動經濟持續(xù)向好、行穩(wěn)致遠。

A comprehensive analysis and assessment shows that China's development environment this year will continue to feature both strategic opportunities and challenges, with favorable conditions outweighing unfavorable ones. 

China has distinctive institutional strengths and the advantages of vast market demand, a complete industrial system to ensure supply, and a huge and high-caliber workforce. In addition, our country's capacity for scientific and technological innovation continues to grow, new industries, new business models, and new growth drivers are expanding at a faster pace, and the internal drive for development is building. The underlying trend of economic recovery and long-term growth remains unchanged and will not change. So we must be more confident and more assured of ourselves.

On the other hand, we should not lose sight of worst-case scenarios and should be well prepared for all risks and challenges. As long as we fully implement the decisions and plans of the Party Central Committee, make good use of all favorable opportunities and conditions, and fully leverage the motivation, dedication, and creativity of everyone, we will undoubtedly overcome difficulties and challenges and promote sound and steady economic growth.

今年發(fā)展主要預期目標是：國內生產總值增長5%左右；城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1200萬人以上，城鎮(zhèn)調查失業(yè)率5.5%左右；居民消費價格漲幅3%左右；居民收入增長和經濟增長同步；國際收支保持基本平衡；糧食產量1.3萬億斤以上；單位國內生產總值能耗降低2.5%左右，生態(tài)環(huán)境質量持續(xù)改善。

The main targets for development this year are projected as follows:

■ GDP growth of around 5 percent

■ over 12 million new urban jobs 

■ surveyed urban unemployment rate of around 5.5 percent

■ CPI increase of around 3 percent

■ growth in personal income in step with economic growth

■ a basic equilibrium in the balance of payments

■ grain output of over 650 million metric tons

■ a drop of around 2.5 percent in energy consumption per unit of GDP 

■ continued improvements in the environment

提出上述預期目標，綜合考慮了國內外形勢和各方面因素，兼顧了需要和可能。經濟增長預期目標為5%左右，考慮了促進就業(yè)增收、防范化解風險等需要，并與“十四五”規(guī)劃和基本實現現代化的目標相銜接，也考慮了經濟增長潛力和支撐條件，體現了積極進取、奮發(fā)有為的要求。實現今年預期目標并非易事，需要政策聚焦發(fā)力、工作加倍努力、各方面齊心協(xié)力。

In setting these targets, we have considered evolving dynamics at home and abroad and other relevant factors as well as what is needed and what is possible. In setting the growth rate at around 5 percent, we have taken into account the need to boost employment and incomes and prevent and defuse risks. This growth rate is well aligned with the objectives of the 14th Five-Year Plan and the goal of basically realizing modernization. It also takes account of the potential for growth and the conditions supporting growth and reflects the requirement to pursue progress and strive to deliver. Achieving this year's targets will not be easy, so we need to maintain policy focus, work harder, and mobilize the concerted efforts of all sides.

我們要堅持穩(wěn)中求進、以進促穩(wěn)、先立后破。穩(wěn)是大局和基礎，各地區(qū)各部門要多出有利于穩(wěn)預期、穩(wěn)增長、穩(wěn)就業(yè)的政策，謹慎出臺收縮性抑制性舉措，清理和廢止有悖于高質量發(fā)展的政策規(guī)定。進是方向和動力，該立的要積極主動立起來，該破的要在立的基礎上堅決破，特別是要在轉方式、調結構、提質量、增效益上積極進取。強化宏觀政策逆周期和跨周期調節(jié)，繼續(xù)實施積極的財政政策和穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策，加強政策工具創(chuàng)新和協(xié)調配合。

We should adhere to the principles of pursuing progress while ensuring stability, promoting stability through progress, and establishing the new before abolishing the old. 

Stability is of overall importance, as it is the basis for everything we do. All localities and government departments should adopt more policies that are conducive to keeping expectations, economic growth, and employment stable. They should take good care in formulating measures that could be contractionary or inhibitive in nature and overhaul or abolish policies and regulations that hinder high-quality development. 

Making progress is our goal, and it is also what motivates us. Therefore, we should proactively establish what is needed and resolutely abolish what is obsolete once the new is in place. In particular, we must push ahead with transforming the growth model, making structural adjustments, improving quality, and enhancing performance.

We should intensify counter- and cross-cyclical adjustments through macro policies, continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, and strengthen coordination between policy instruments while developing new ones.

積極的財政政策要適度加力、提質增效。綜合考慮發(fā)展需要和財政可持續(xù)，用好財政政策空間，優(yōu)化政策工具組合。赤字率擬按3%安排，赤字規(guī)模4.06萬億元，比上年年初預算增加1800億元。預計今年財政收入繼續(xù)恢復增長，加上調入資金等，一般公共預算支出規(guī)模28.5萬億元、比上年增加1.1萬億元。擬安排地方政府專項債券3.9萬億元、比上年增加1000億元。為系統(tǒng)解決強國建設、民族復興進程中一些重大項目建設的資金問題，從今年開始擬連續(xù)幾年發(fā)行超長期特別國債，專項用于國家重大戰(zhàn)略實施和重點領域安全能力建設，今年先發(fā)行1萬億元?，F在很多方面都需要增加財政投入，要大力優(yōu)化支出結構，強化國家重大戰(zhàn)略任務和基本民生財力保障，嚴控一般性支出。中央財政加大對地方均衡性轉移支付力度、適當向困難地區(qū)傾斜，省級政府要推動財力下沉，兜牢基層“三保”底線。落實好結構性減稅降費政策，重點支持科技創(chuàng)新和制造業(yè)發(fā)展。嚴肅財經紀律，加強財會監(jiān)督，嚴禁搞面子工程、形象工程，堅決制止鋪張浪費。各級政府要習慣過緊日子，真正精打細算，切實把財政資金用在刀刃上、用出實效來。

We should appropriately enhance the intensity of our proactive fiscal policy and improve its quality and effectiveness. 

We should take into account both development needs and fiscal sustainability, leverage fiscal policy space, and improve the policy toolkit. We have set the deficit-to-GDP ratio for this year at 3 percent and the government deficit at 4.06 trillion yuan, an increase of 180 billion yuan over the 2023 budget figure. It is projected that fiscal revenue will continue to grow in 2024 and we will also have funds transferred from other sources; on this basis, general public expenditures in the government budget are projected to reach 28.5 trillion yuan, an increase of 1.1 trillion yuan over last year. This year, 3.9 trillion yuan of special-purpose bonds for local governments will be issued, an increase of 100 billion yuan over last year.

To systematically address funding shortages facing some major projects for building a great country and advancing national rejuvenation, it is proposed that, starting this year and over each of the next several years, ultra-long special treasury bonds be issued. These bonds will be used to implement major national strategies and build up security capacity in key areas. One trillion yuan of such bonds will be issued in 2024.

Additional government investment is needed in many sectors this year. This means that we should further improve the structure of government spending, ensure sufficient funding for major national strategic tasks and efforts to meet the people's basic living needs, and strictly control general expenditures. 

The central government will increase transfer payments to local governments for ensuring equal access to basic public services, which will appropriately tilt toward regions facing economic difficulty. Governments at the provincial level, meanwhile, should allocate more fiscal resources to lower-level governments to see that, at the primary level, basic living needs are met, salaries are paid, and governments function smoothly. 

We should fully implement structural tax and fee reduction policies, with priority given to supporting scientific and technological innovation and the development of the manufacturing sector. 

We must tighten up financial and economic discipline and intensify oversight on accounting. Prestige and vanity projects and wasteful and excessive spending will be strictly prohibited. Governments at every level must get used to keeping their belts tightened, run on lean budgets, and ensure that fiscal funds are used where they are needed most and to the best effect.

穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策要靈活適度、精準有效。保持流動性合理充裕，社會融資規(guī)模、貨幣供應量同經濟增長和價格水平預期目標相匹配。加強總量和結構雙重調節(jié)，盤活存量、提升效能，加大對重大戰(zhàn)略、重點領域和薄弱環(huán)節(jié)的支持力度。促進社會綜合融資成本穩(wěn)中有降。暢通貨幣政策傳導機制，避免資金沉淀空轉。增強資本市場內在穩(wěn)定性。保持人民幣匯率在合理均衡水平上的基本穩(wěn)定。大力發(fā)展科技金融、綠色金融、普惠金融、養(yǎng)老金融、數字金融。優(yōu)化融資增信、風險分擔、信息共享等配套措施，更好滿足中小微企業(yè)融資需求。

We should implement a prudent monetary policy in a flexible, appropriate, targeted, and effective way. 

We should maintain adequate liquidity at a proper level and see that aggregate financing and money supply stay in step with the projected economic growth and CPI increase. We should adjust both the monetary aggregate and structure, put idle funds to good use, and step up support for major strategies, key areas, and weak links. We should work for a steady decline in overall financing costs. We should improve the monetary policy transmission mechanism to prevent funds from sitting idle or simply circulating within the financial sector. The underlying stability of the capital market should be enhanced.

The RMB exchange rate should remain generally stable at an adaptive, balanced level. We should boost the development of technology finance, green finance, inclusive finance, pension finance, and digital finance. To better meet the fundraising needs of micro, small, and medium enterprises, supporting measures such as credit enhancement, risk sharing, and information sharing should be improved.

增強宏觀政策取向一致性。圍繞發(fā)展大局，加強財政、貨幣、就業(yè)、產業(yè)、區(qū)域、科技、環(huán)保等政策協(xié)調配合，把非經濟性政策納入宏觀政策取向一致性評估，強化政策統(tǒng)籌，確保同向發(fā)力、形成合力。各地區(qū)各部門制定政策要認真聽取和吸納各方面意見，涉企政策要注重與市場溝通、回應企業(yè)關切。實施政策要強化協(xié)同聯(lián)動、放大組合效應，防止顧此失彼、相互掣肘。研究儲備政策要增強前瞻性、豐富工具箱，并留出冗余度，確保一旦需要就能及時推出、有效發(fā)揮作用。加強對政策執(zhí)行情況的跟蹤評估，以企業(yè)和群眾滿意度為重要標尺，及時進行調整和完善。精準做好政策宣傳解讀，營造穩(wěn)定透明可預期的政策環(huán)境。

We should enhance the consistency of macro policy orientation. 

To promote overall national development, we should strengthen coordination between fiscal, monetary, employment, industrial, regional, scientific and technological, and environmental policies and include noneconomic policies in evaluating the consistency of macro policy orientation. Policy coordination should be enhanced so that all policies are well-aligned and form synergy. 

In policymaking, all localities and government departments should heed and draw on the propositions and views of all parties concerned. They should pay attention to the views of market entities and address their concerns when formulating enterprise-related policies. 

In policy implementation, we should strengthen coordination and interplay between policies to see that together they deliver greater outcomes. We should avoid focusing on one single policy to the detriment of others or letting one policy impede another. 

In developing policy options, we should be forward looking and expand our policy toolkit. We should leave sufficient leeway so that policies can be rolled out and produce the desired effect as soon as they are called for. 

We should strengthen follow-up evaluations of policy implementation, taking the degree of satisfaction among enterprises and the people as an important yardstick, and make timely policy adjustments and improvements. We should communicate policies to the public in a well-targeted way to create a stable, transparent, and predictable policy environment.

完成今年發(fā)展目標任務，必須深入貫徹習近平經濟思想，集中精力推動高質量發(fā)展。強化系統(tǒng)觀念，把握和處理好重大關系，從整體上深入謀劃和推進各項工作。堅持質量第一、效益優(yōu)先，繼續(xù)固本培元，增強宏觀調控針對性有效性，注重從企業(yè)和群眾期盼中找準工作著眼點、政策發(fā)力點，努力實現全年增長目標。堅持高質量發(fā)展和高水平安全良性互動，在堅守安全底線的前提下，更多為發(fā)展想辦法、為企業(yè)助把力。堅持在發(fā)展中保障和改善民生，注重以發(fā)展思維看待補民生短板問題，在解決人民群眾急難愁盼中培育新的經濟增長點。從根本上說，推動高質量發(fā)展要靠改革。我們要以更大的決心和力度深化改革開放，促進有效市場和有為政府更好結合，持續(xù)激發(fā)和增強社會活力，推動高質量發(fā)展取得新的更大成效。

In order to fulfill the development goals and tasks for this year, we must act on Xi Jinping Thought on the Economy and devote full energy to promoting high-quality development. We should apply systems thinking, pay attention to and properly handle major relationships, and develop in-depth plans and advance all areas of work with the overall picture in mind. 

As we strive to achieve this year's growth targets, we should put quality first and give priority to performance, continue to consolidate the foundations of the economy, make macro regulation more targeted and effective, and keep in mind the expectations of enterprises and the people when deciding on work and policy priorities. 

We should ensure that high-quality development and greater security reinforce each other and do more to pursue development and provide assistance to enterprises on the basis of ensuring security. 

We should continue to improve the people's wellbeing as we pursue development, address inadequacies in public wellbeing from the perspective of development, and foster new growth drivers in the course of solving pressing difficulties and problems that concern the people most. 

Ultimately, high-quality development depends on reform. We should deepen reform and opening up with greater resolve and effort, promote better interplay between an efficient market and a well-functioning government, further stimulate and boost the vitality of our society, and strive to make greater progress in pursuing high-quality development.

三、2024年政府工作任務

III. Major Tasks for 2024

黨中央對今年工作作出了全面部署，我們要深入貫徹落實，緊緊抓住主要矛盾，著力突破瓶頸制約，扎實做好各項工作。

The CPC Central Committee has adopted overall guidelines for this year's work. We must fully carry them out, stay focused on principal issues, and work to remove development bottlenecks, so as to deliver a good performance.

（一）大力推進現代化產業(yè)體系建設，加快發(fā)展新質生產力。充分發(fā)揮創(chuàng)新主導作用，以科技創(chuàng)新推動產業(yè)創(chuàng)新，加快推進新型工業(yè)化，提高全要素生產率，不斷塑造發(fā)展新動能新優(yōu)勢，促進社會生產力實現新的躍升。

1. Striving to modernize the industrial system and developing new quality productive forces at a faster pace

We should give full rein to the leading role of innovation, spur industrial innovation by making innovations in science and technology and press ahead with new industrialization, so as to raise total factor productivity, steadily foster new growth drivers and strengths, and promote a new leap forward in the productive forces.

推動產業(yè)鏈供應鏈優(yōu)化升級。保持工業(yè)經濟平穩(wěn)運行。實施制造業(yè)重點產業(yè)鏈高質量發(fā)展行動，著力補齊短板、拉長長板、鍛造新板，增強產業(yè)鏈供應鏈韌性和競爭力。實施制造業(yè)技術改造升級工程，培育壯大先進制造業(yè)集群，創(chuàng)建國家新型工業(yè)化示范區(qū)，推動傳統(tǒng)產業(yè)高端化、智能化、綠色化轉型。加快發(fā)展現代生產性服務業(yè)。促進中小企業(yè)專精特新發(fā)展。弘揚工匠精神。加強標準引領和質量支撐，打造更多有國際影響力的“中國制造”品牌。

We will work to upgrade industrial and supply chains. 

We will ensure the stable performance of the industrial sector. An initiative for pursuing high-quality development of key manufacturing chains will be launched, with a focus on shoring up weak links, reinforcing strengths, and fostering new capabilities, so as to enhance the resilience and competitiveness of industrial and supply chains. 

We will carry out technology transformation and upgrading in the manufacturing sector, foster and build up advanced manufacturing clusters, and develop national demonstration zones for new industrialization to make traditional industries higher-end, smarter, and more eco-friendly. 

Modern producer services will be developed at a faster pace. We will promote the development of SMEs that use specialized and sophisticated technologies to produce novel and unique products. We will call for the pursuit of superior workmanship. We will also provide stronger guidance and support on quality and standards to create more Chinese brands with global reach.

積極培育新興產業(yè)和未來產業(yè)。實施產業(yè)創(chuàng)新工程，完善產業(yè)生態(tài)，拓展應用場景，促進戰(zhàn)略性新興產業(yè)融合集群發(fā)展。鞏固擴大智能網聯(lián)新能源汽車等產業(yè)領先優(yōu)勢，加快前沿新興氫能、新材料、創(chuàng)新藥等產業(yè)發(fā)展，積極打造生物制造、商業(yè)航天、低空經濟等新增長引擎。制定未來產業(yè)發(fā)展規(guī)劃，開辟量子技術、生命科學等新賽道，創(chuàng)建一批未來產業(yè)先導區(qū)。鼓勵發(fā)展創(chuàng)業(yè)投資、股權投資，優(yōu)化產業(yè)投資基金功能。加強重點行業(yè)統(tǒng)籌布局和投資引導，防止產能過剩和低水平重復建設。

We will actively foster emerging industries and future-oriented industries. 

We will launch industrial innovation projects, improve the industrial ecosystem, expand application of innovations, and promote integrated and clustered development of strategic emerging industries. 

We will consolidate and enhance our leading position in industries such as intelligent connected new-energy vehicles, step up development of hydrogen power, new materials, innovative drugs and other cutting-edge sectors, and foster new growth engines in fields such as biomanufacturing, commercial spaceflight, and the low-altitude economy. 

We will formulate development plans for the industries of the future, open up new fields such as quantum technology and life sciences, and create a number of zones for pioneering the development of future-oriented industries. We will encourage the development of venture capital and equity investment and improve the functions of industrial investment funds. We will strengthen coordination, planning, and investment guidance for key sectors to prevent overcapacity and poor-quality, redundant development.

深入推進數字經濟創(chuàng)新發(fā)展。制定支持數字經濟高質量發(fā)展政策，積極推進數字產業(yè)化、產業(yè)數字化，促進數字技術和實體經濟深度融合。深化大數據、人工智能等研發(fā)應用，開展“人工智能+”行動，打造具有國際競爭力的數字產業(yè)集群。實施制造業(yè)數字化轉型行動，加快工業(yè)互聯(lián)網規(guī)?；瘧茫七M服務業(yè)數字化，建設智慧城市、數字鄉(xiāng)村。深入開展中小企業(yè)數字化賦能專項行動。支持平臺企業(yè)在促進創(chuàng)新、增加就業(yè)、國際競爭中大顯身手。健全數據基礎制度，大力推動數據開發(fā)開放和流通使用。適度超前建設數字基礎設施，加快形成全國一體化算力體系，培育算力產業(yè)生態(tài)。我們要以廣泛深刻的數字變革，賦能經濟發(fā)展、豐富人民生活、提升社會治理現代化水平。

We will promote innovative development of the digital economy. 

We will formulate policies to support high-quality development of the digital economy. We will actively develop the digital industry, transform traditional industries with digital technologies, and fully integrate digital technology into the real economy. 

We will step up R&D and application of big data and AI, launch an AI Plus initiative, and build digital industry clusters with international competitiveness. We will work to digitalize the manufacturing sector and fast-track the large-scale application of the Industrial Internet. We will also promote the digitalization of the service sector, build smart cities and digital villages, and launch SME digital empowerment initiatives. We will support platform enterprises in playing their part in promoting innovation, boosting employment, and competing on the international stage. 

We will improve basic data systems and vigorously promote the development, openness, distribution, and utilization of data. We will develop appropriately future-oriented digital infrastructure, work faster to create a nationally unified computing system, and foster industrial ecosystems for computing. We will pursue a profound and wide-ranging digital transformation to drive economic development, enrich people's lives, and make new advances in modernizing social governance.

（二）深入實施科教興國戰(zhàn)略，強化高質量發(fā)展的基礎支撐。堅持教育強國、科技強國、人才強國建設一體統(tǒng)籌推進，創(chuàng)新鏈產業(yè)鏈資金鏈人才鏈一體部署實施，深化教育科技人才綜合改革，為現代化建設提供強大動力。

2. Invigorating China through science and education and consolidating the foundations for high-quality development

We will make holistic and coordinated efforts to strengthen China's education, science and technology, and workforce, integrate planning and policy implementation for innovation, industrial, capital, and talent chains, and deepen comprehensive reforms of education, science and technology, and human resources, so as to create a strong impetus for our modernization drive.

加強高質量教育體系建設。全面貫徹黨的教育方針，堅持把高質量發(fā)展作為各級各類教育的生命線。制定實施教育強國建設規(guī)劃綱要。落實立德樹人根本任務，推進大中小學思想政治教育一體化建設。開展基礎教育擴優(yōu)提質行動，加快義務教育優(yōu)質均衡發(fā)展和城鄉(xiāng)一體化，改善農村寄宿制學校辦學條件，持續(xù)深化“雙減”，推動學前教育普惠發(fā)展，加強縣域普通高中建設。減輕中小學教師非教學負擔。辦好特殊教育、繼續(xù)教育，引導規(guī)范民辦教育發(fā)展，大力提高職業(yè)教育質量。實施高等教育綜合改革試點，優(yōu)化學科專業(yè)和資源結構布局，加快建設中國特色、世界一流的大學和優(yōu)勢學科，建強應用型本科高校，增強中西部地區(qū)高校辦學實力。加強學生心理健康教育。大力發(fā)展數字教育。弘揚教育家精神，建設高素質專業(yè)化教師隊伍。我們要堅持教育優(yōu)先發(fā)展，加快推進教育現代化，厚植人民幸福之本，夯實國家富強之基。

We will develop a high-quality education system. 

We will fully implement the Party's education policy and regard high-quality development as the lifeblood of education of various types at all levels. We will formulate and implement a national program for strengthening education. We will carry out the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education and promote integrated development of the political education curriculum across all levels, from elementary school to university. 

We will launch an initiative to upgrade basic education, accelerate high-quality, well-balanced development and urban-rural integration of compulsory education, improve conditions in boarding schools in rural areas, and continue efforts to relieve students of excessive burdens from homework and off-campus tutoring. We will enhance public-interest preschool education and promote the development of regular county high schools. We will work to alleviate the non-teaching workload of secondary and primary school teachers. We will improve special needs education and continuing education, guide and regulate the development of private education, and redouble efforts to improve vocational education. 

We will pilot comprehensive higher-education reform, optimize the composition of disciplines and majors and the layout of resources, and accelerate efforts to develop world-class universities and leading disciplines with Chinese features. We will strengthen applied undergraduate education and improve the operational capacity of higher education institutions in central and western regions. Mental health education for students will be enhanced. We will vigorously develop digital education. 

We will promote the ethos of educators and see that teachers are professionally competent. We will give high priority to the development of education and speed up efforts to modernize education so as to lay a solid foundation for enhancing the wellbeing of our people and the prosperity of our nation.

加快推動高水平科技自立自強。充分發(fā)揮新型舉國體制優(yōu)勢，全面提升自主創(chuàng)新能力。強化基礎研究系統(tǒng)布局，長期穩(wěn)定支持一批創(chuàng)新基地、優(yōu)勢團隊和重點方向，增強原始創(chuàng)新能力。瞄準國家重大戰(zhàn)略需求和產業(yè)發(fā)展需要，部署實施一批重大科技項目。集成國家戰(zhàn)略科技力量、社會創(chuàng)新資源，推進關鍵核心技術協(xié)同攻關，加強顛覆性技術和前沿技術研究。完善國家實驗室運行管理機制，發(fā)揮國際和區(qū)域科技創(chuàng)新中心輻射帶動作用。加快重大科技基礎設施體系化布局，推進共性技術平臺、中試驗證平臺建設。強化企業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新主體地位，激勵企業(yè)加大創(chuàng)新投入，深化產學研用結合，支持有實力的企業(yè)牽頭重大攻關任務。加強健康、養(yǎng)老、助殘等民生科技研發(fā)應用。加快形成支持全面創(chuàng)新的基礎制度，深化科技評價、科技獎勵、科研項目和經費管理制度改革，健全“揭榜掛帥”機制。加強知識產權保護，制定促進科技成果轉化應用的政策舉措。廣泛開展科學普及。培育創(chuàng)新文化，弘揚科學家精神，涵養(yǎng)優(yōu)良學風。擴大國際科技交流合作，營造具有全球競爭力的開放創(chuàng)新生態(tài)。

We will move faster to boost self-reliance and strength in science and technology. 

We will fully leverage the strengths of the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide to raise China's capacity for innovation across the board. We will plan basic research systematically and provide long-term, sustained support to a number of innovation bases, teams with distinctive strengths, and research priorities, so as to enhance our capacity for original innovation. 

To meet major national strategic demands and demands of industrial development, we will launch a number of major science and technology programs. We will pool our country's strategic scientific and technological strength and non-governmental innovation resources to make breakthroughs in core technologies in key fields and step up research on disruptive and frontier technologies. 

We will improve the running of national laboratories and leverage the leading role of international and regional centers for scientific and technological innovation. We will speed up the systematic planning of major scientific and technological infrastructure and promote the development of generic technology platforms and pilot-scale testing platforms. 

We will reinforce the principal role of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, encourage enterprises to increase investment in innovation, promote closer collaboration between industries, universities, research institutes, and end-users, and support enterprises with distinctive strengths in heading up major R&D projects. 

We will strengthen R&D and application of technologies that promote people's wellbeing in fields such as health, elderly care, and assistance for people with disabilities. We will speed up efforts to establish basic systems for supporting all-around innovation, further reform the appraisal and reward systems for scientific and technological advances and the management system for research projects and funding, and improve the open competition mechanism for selecting the best candidates to lead research projects. 

We will bolster intellectual property rights protection and formulate policies and measures for better application of scientific and technological advances. Extensive efforts will be made to raise science literacy among the public. We will foster a culture of innovation, champion the spirit of our nation's scientists, and promote fine academic conduct. We will expand science and technology exchanges and cooperation with other countries and create an open and globally competitive innovation ecosystem.

全方位培養(yǎng)用好人才。實施更加積極、更加開放、更加有效的人才政策。推進高水平人才高地和吸引集聚人才平臺建設，促進人才區(qū)域合理布局和協(xié)調發(fā)展。加快建設國家戰(zhàn)略人才力量，努力培養(yǎng)造就更多一流科技領軍人才和創(chuàng)新團隊，完善拔尖創(chuàng)新人才發(fā)現和培養(yǎng)機制，建設基礎研究人才培養(yǎng)平臺，打造卓越工程師和高技能人才隊伍，加大對青年科技人才支持力度。積極推進人才國際交流。加快建立以創(chuàng)新價值、能力、貢獻為導向的人才評價體系，優(yōu)化工作生活保障和表彰獎勵制度。我們要在改善人才發(fā)展環(huán)境上持續(xù)用力，形成人盡其才、各展其能的良好局面。

We will develop and make best use of talent in all sectors. 

We will adopt more active, open, and effective policies on talent. We will develop hubs for high-caliber personnel and platforms for attracting and gathering talent and promote better distribution and balanced development of talent across all regions. 

We will speed up efforts to build a contingent of personnel with expertise of strategic importance, cultivate more first-class scientists and innovation teams, and improve mechanisms for identifying and nurturing top-tier innovators. We will develop platforms for fostering basic research talent, train high-performing engineers and highly-skilled workers, and enhance support for young scientists and engineers. We will actively promote international personnel exchanges. 

We will accelerate efforts to develop a personnel evaluation system based on innovation-related merit, capability, and contribution and improve systems for rewarding talent and ensuring their work and living conditions. We will continue efforts to foster a favorable environment for talent development that enables talented people to unleash their full potential.

（三）著力擴大國內需求，推動經濟實現良性循環(huán)。把實施擴大內需戰(zhàn)略同深化供給側結構性改革有機結合起來，更好統(tǒng)籌消費和投資，增強對經濟增長的拉動作用。

3. Expanding domestic demand and promoting sound economic flows

We will integrate the strategy of expanding domestic demand with efforts to deepen supply-side structural reform and better coordinate consumption and investment, so as to more effectively drive economic growth.

促進消費穩(wěn)定增長。從增加收入、優(yōu)化供給、減少限制性措施等方面綜合施策，激發(fā)消費潛能。培育壯大新型消費，實施數字消費、綠色消費、健康消費促進政策，積極培育智能家居、文娛旅游、體育賽事、國貨“潮品”等新的消費增長點。穩(wěn)定和擴大傳統(tǒng)消費，鼓勵和推動消費品以舊換新，提振智能網聯(lián)新能源汽車、電子產品等大宗消費。推動養(yǎng)老、育幼、家政等服務擴容提質，支持社會力量提供社區(qū)服務。優(yōu)化消費環(huán)境，開展“消費促進年”活動，實施“放心消費行動”，加強消費者權益保護，落實帶薪休假制度。實施標準提升行動，加快構建適應高質量發(fā)展要求的標準體系，推動商品和服務質量不斷提高，更好滿足人民群眾改善生活需要。

We will promote steady growth in consumer spending. 

We will take a full range of steps to unlock potential demand by increasing incomes, improving supply, and reducing restrictions. We will develop new types of consumption, launch policies to promote digital, environmentally-friendly, and health-related consumption, and foster new areas of consumption growth such as smart homes, entertainment, tourism, sports events, and domestic brands with Chinese design elements. 

While stabilizing and expanding conventional consumption, we will encourage and promote consumer goods trade-in programs and boost spending on intelligent connected new-energy vehicles, electronic products, and other big-ticket items. Efforts will be made to upgrade elderly and child care, housekeeping and other services and make them more accessible, and support will be given to private entities providing community services. 

To improve the consumption environment, we will launch a year-long program to stimulate consumption and roll out a "worry-free consumption" initiative. We will strengthen protection of consumer rights and interests and fully implement paid leave. An initiative will be launched to upgrade standards and speed up the establishment of a system of standards to facilitate high-quality development. This will ensure steady improvement in the quality of goods and services and meet the people's needs for a better life.

積極擴大有效投資。發(fā)揮好政府投資的帶動放大效應，重點支持科技創(chuàng)新、新型基礎設施、節(jié)能減排降碳，加強民生等經濟社會薄弱領域補短板，推進防洪排澇抗災基礎設施建設，推動各類生產設備、服務設備更新和技術改造，加快實施“十四五”規(guī)劃重大工程項目。今年中央預算內投資擬安排7000億元。合理擴大地方政府專項債券投向領域和用作資本金范圍，額度分配向項目準備充分、投資效率較高的地區(qū)傾斜。統(tǒng)籌用好各類資金，防止低效無效投資。深化投資審批制度改革。著力穩(wěn)定和擴大民間投資，落實和完善支持政策，實施政府和社會資本合作新機制，鼓勵民間資本參與重大項目建設。進一步拆除各種藩籬，在更多領域讓民間投資進得來、能發(fā)展、有作為。

We will work to increase effective investment. 

We will fully leverage the stimulating and multiplier effects of government investment, with a focus on supporting major scientific and technological innovation programs, new types of infrastructure, and energy conservation and pollution and carbon reduction initiatives. We will increase efforts to shore up weak links in economic and social development, such as projects for ensuring people's wellbeing. We will build infrastructure for flood prevention, drainage, and disaster response, encourage upgrading and technological transformation of production and service equipment, and accelerate implementation of major projects included in the 14th Five-Year Plan. 

This year, 700 billion yuan will be earmarked in the central government budget for investment. We will appropriately expand the range of areas and uses to which funds from the sale of local government special-purpose bonds can be channeled. These funds will be weighted toward regions where projects are well-prepared and investments are more effective. We will ensure all funds are used in a coordinated manner and guard against ineffective and wasteful investments. 

We will further reform the investment approval system. We will strive to stabilize and further expand private investment by improving and implementing supporting policies. We will put in place a new mechanism for cooperation between government and private capital to encourage private investment in major projects. We will do more to remove various barriers so that private investment can enter, develop, and play its part in more fields.

（四）堅定不移深化改革，增強發(fā)展內生動力。推進重點領域和關鍵環(huán)節(jié)改革攻堅，充分發(fā)揮市場在資源配置中的決定性作用，更好發(fā)揮政府作用，營造市場化、法治化、國際化一流營商環(huán)境，推動構建高水平社會主義市場經濟體制。

4. Continuing to deepen reform and boosting internal momentum for development 

We will press ahead with critical reform tasks in key areas and at crucial links. We will see that the market plays the decisive role in the allocation of resources and the government better fulfills its role. We will foster a world-class business environment that is market-oriented, law-based, and internationalized and strive to build a high-standard socialist market economy.

激發(fā)各類經營主體活力。國有企業(yè)、民營企業(yè)、外資企業(yè)都是現代化建設的重要力量。要不斷完善落實“兩個毫不動搖”的體制機制，為各類所有制企業(yè)創(chuàng)造公平競爭、競相發(fā)展的良好環(huán)境。完善中國特色現代企業(yè)制度，打造更多世界一流企業(yè)。深入實施國有企業(yè)改革深化提升行動，做強做優(yōu)主業(yè)，增強核心功能、提高核心競爭力。建立國有經濟布局優(yōu)化和結構調整指引制度。全面落實促進民營經濟發(fā)展壯大的意見及配套舉措，進一步解決市場準入、要素獲取、公平執(zhí)法、權益保護等方面存在的突出問題。提高民營企業(yè)貸款占比、擴大發(fā)債融資規(guī)模，加強對個體工商戶分類幫扶支持。實施降低物流成本行動，健全防范化解拖欠企業(yè)賬款長效機制，堅決查處亂收費、亂罰款、亂攤派。弘揚優(yōu)秀企業(yè)家精神，積極支持企業(yè)家專注創(chuàng)新發(fā)展、敢干敢闖敢投、踏踏實實把企業(yè)辦好。

We will work to stimulate the vitality of market entities. 

SOEs, private businesses, and foreign-funded companies all play an important role in China's modernization drive. We will work unswervingly both to consolidate and develop the public sector and to encourage, support, and guide development of the non-public sector. We will strive to create a sound environment in which enterprises under all forms of ownership can compete and grow on a level playing field. 

We will improve the modern corporate system with distinctive Chinese features and cultivate more world-class enterprises. The initiative to deepen and upgrade SOE reform will be advanced to see that SOEs improve their core business, enhance their core functions, and increase their core competitiveness. We will establish a system to provide guidance on improving the layout and adjusting structure of the state-owned sector. 

We will fully implement the guidelines and their supporting measures on promoting the development of the private sector and further address prominent problems concerning market access, access to factors of production, impartial law enforcement, and protection of rights and interests. 

The share of loans to private businesses will be increased, and the scale of financing for private businesses raised through bond issuance will be expanded. We will provide more assistance and support to self-employed individuals on a category-by-category basis. 

We will take steps to reduce logistic costs, improve the long-term mechanism for preventing and settling overdue payments owed to private businesses, and take resolute action to crack down on the imposition of arbitrary charges, fines, and quotas. We will promote fine entrepreneurial spirit and support entrepreneurs in focusing on innovative development, seizing the initiative to make bold explorations and invest in new operations, and leading their companies to greater success.

加快全國統(tǒng)一大市場建設。制定全國統(tǒng)一大市場建設標準指引。著力推動產權保護、市場準入、公平競爭、社會信用等方面制度規(guī)則統(tǒng)一。深化要素市場化配置綜合改革試點。出臺公平競爭審查行政法規(guī)，完善重點領域、新興領域、涉外領域監(jiān)管規(guī)則。專項治理地方保護、市場分割、招商引資不當競爭等突出問題，加強對招投標市場的規(guī)范和管理。堅持依法監(jiān)管，嚴格落實監(jiān)管責任，提升監(jiān)管精準性和有效性，堅決維護公平競爭的市場秩序。

We will move faster to build a unified national market. 

We will formulate guidance on standards for the development of a unified national market, with a focus on the establishment of unified rules and institutions covering areas such as property rights protection, market access, fair competition, and social credit. Comprehensive reform trials for the market-based allocation of production factors will be advanced. We will issue administrative regulations for fair competition review and improve regulatory rules covering key areas, emerging fields, and foreign-related domains. 

We will take targeted steps to address prominent problems, such as local protection, market segmentation, and unfair competition in attracting foreign investment, and step up regulation over public bidding. We will conduct law-based regulation, strictly perform our regulatory functions, and make regulation more targeted and more effective to ensure fair market competition.

推進財稅金融等領域改革。建設高水平社會主義市場經濟體制改革先行區(qū)。謀劃新一輪財稅體制改革，落實金融體制改革部署，加大對高質量發(fā)展的財稅金融支持。深化電力、油氣、鐵路和綜合運輸體系等改革，健全自然壟斷環(huán)節(jié)監(jiān)管體制機制。深化收入分配、社會保障、醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生、養(yǎng)老服務等社會民生領域改革。

We will advance fiscal, tax, and financial reforms. 

We will set up pilot reform zones for building a high-standard socialist market economy and make plans for new reforms for the fiscal and taxation systems. We will implement plans for the reform of the financial system and increase fiscal, tax, and financial support to promote high-quality development. We will advance reforms in areas such as the electricity, oil and gas, and railway sectors and the integrated transportation system, and improve the system and mechanism for regulating sectors of natural monopoly. Reform will also be advanced in areas important to the people's lives, including income distribution, social security, medicine, healthcare, and elderly care.

（五）擴大高水平對外開放，促進互利共贏。主動對接高標準國際經貿規(guī)則，穩(wěn)步擴大制度型開放，增強國內國際兩個市場兩種資源聯(lián)動效應，鞏固外貿外資基本盤，培育國際經濟合作和競爭新優(yōu)勢。

5. Pursuing higher-standard opening up and promoting mutual benefits

We will promote alignment with high-standard international economic and trade rules, steadily expand institutional opening up, and amplify the interplay between domestic and international markets and resources. We will ensure the overall stable performance of foreign trade and foreign investment and foster new strengths in international economic cooperation and competition.

推動外貿質升量穩(wěn)。加強進出口信貸和出口信保支持，優(yōu)化跨境結算、匯率風險管理等服務，支持企業(yè)開拓多元化市場。促進跨境電商等新業(yè)態(tài)健康發(fā)展，優(yōu)化海外倉布局，支持加工貿易提檔升級，拓展中間品貿易、綠色貿易等新增長點。積極擴大優(yōu)質產品進口。完善邊境貿易支持政策。全面實施跨境服務貿易負面清單。出臺服務貿易、數字貿易創(chuàng)新發(fā)展政策。加快內外貿一體化發(fā)展。辦好進博會、廣交會、服貿會、數貿會、消博會等重大展會。加快國際物流體系建設，打造智慧海關，助力外貿企業(yè)降本提效。

We will work to steadily increase the volume and raise the quality of foreign trade. 

We will intensify support for import and export credit and export credit insurance and improve cross-border settlements, risk management for foreign exchange, and other services; we will support businesses in diversifying overseas markets. We will promote the healthy development of cross-border e-commerce and other new forms of business. Efforts will be made to optimize the layout of overseas warehouses, facilitate the upgrading of the processing trade, and increase new growth drivers for foreign trade, including trade in intermediate goods and green trade. 

Imports of high-quality goods will be boosted. Policies to support border trade will be improved. We will fully apply the negative list for cross-border trade in services and adopt policies to promote innovative development of trade in services and digital trade. We will promote coordinated development of domestic and foreign trade. Major trade events will be hosted, such as the China International Import Expo, the China Import and Export Fair, the China International Fair for Trade in Services, the Global Digital Trade Expo, and the China International Consumer Products Expo. We will move faster to build an international logistic services system, carry out the Smart Customs initiative, and help foreign trade enterprises lower costs and boost efficiency.

加大吸引外資力度。繼續(xù)縮減外資準入負面清單，全面取消制造業(yè)領域外資準入限制措施，放寬電信、醫(yī)療等服務業(yè)市場準入。擴大鼓勵外商投資產業(yè)目錄，鼓勵外資企業(yè)境內再投資。落實好外資企業(yè)國民待遇，保障依法平等參與政府采購、招標投標、標準制定，推動解決數據跨境流動等問題。加強外商投資服務保障，打造“投資中國”品牌。提升外籍人員來華工作、學習、旅游便利度，優(yōu)化支付服務。深入實施自貿試驗區(qū)提升戰(zhàn)略，賦予自貿試驗區(qū)、海南自由貿易港等更多自主權，推動開發(fā)區(qū)改革創(chuàng)新，打造對外開放新高地。

We will intensify efforts to attract foreign investment. 

We will further shorten the negative list for foreign investment. All market access restrictions on foreign investment in manufacturing will be abolished, and market access restrictions in services sectors, such as telecommunications and healthcare, will be reduced. 

We will expand the Catalog of Encouraged Industries for Foreign Investment and encourage foreign-funded enterprises in China to reinvest in China. We will ensure national treatment for foreign-funded enterprises and see that they can participate in government procurement, bidding, and standard-setting processes in accordance with the law and on an equal footing. Steps will be taken to resolve issues such as cross-border flows of data. 

We will strengthen services for foreign investors and make China a favored destination for foreign investment. We will make it easier for foreign nationals to work, study, and travel in China and optimize payment services for them. We will keep working to upgrade pilot free trade zones, delegate more decision-making power to free trade zones and the Hainan Free Trade Port, and encourage development zones to engage in reform and break new ground, so as to develop themselves into new pacesetters for opening up.

推動高質量共建“一帶一路”走深走實。抓好支持高質量共建“一帶一路”八項行動的落實落地。穩(wěn)步推進重大項目合作，實施一批“小而美”民生項目，積極推動數字、綠色、創(chuàng)新、健康、文旅、減貧等領域合作。加快建設西部陸海新通道。

We will strive for solid progress in high-quality Belt and Road cooperation. 

We will carry out the eight major measures for supporting high-quality Belt and Road cooperation. We will steadily advance cooperation on major projects and implement a number of "small and beautiful" projects for improving the people's wellbeing. We will promote cooperation in fields such as digital development, green development, innovation, health, culture, tourism, and poverty reduction. Development of the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor will be accelerated.

深化多雙邊和區(qū)域經濟合作。推動落實已生效自貿協(xié)定，與更多國家和地區(qū)商簽高標準自貿協(xié)定和投資協(xié)定。推進中國－東盟自貿區(qū)3.0版談判，推動加入《數字經濟伙伴關系協(xié)定》、《全面與進步跨太平洋伙伴關系協(xié)定》。全面深入參與世貿組織改革，推動建設開放型世界經濟，讓更多合作共贏成果惠及各國人民。

We will deepen multilateral, bilateral, and regional economic cooperation. 

We will work for the implementation of free trade agreements that have come into force and conclude high-standard free trade agreements and investment treaties with more countries and regions. We will move forward with negotiations on building a Version 3.0 China-ASEAN Free Trade Area and work toward joining the Digital Economy Partnership Agreement and the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership. We will get fully involved in the reform of the World Trade Organization and promote the building of an open global economy, so that the fruits of mutually beneficial cooperation will benefit people around the world.

（六）更好統(tǒng)籌發(fā)展和安全，有效防范化解重點領域風險。堅持以高質量發(fā)展促進高水平安全，以高水平安全保障高質量發(fā)展，標本兼治化解房地產、地方債務、中小金融機構等風險，維護經濟金融大局穩(wěn)定。

6. Ensuring both development and security and effectively preventing and defusing risks in key areas

We will continue to ensure greater security through high-quality development and promote high-quality development with a greater degree of security. We will defuse risks in real estate, local government debt, and small and medium financial institutions by addressing both symptoms and root causes. By doing so, we will safeguard overall economic and financial stability.

穩(wěn)妥有序處置風險隱患。完善重大風險處置統(tǒng)籌協(xié)調機制，壓實企業(yè)主體責任、部門監(jiān)管責任、地方屬地責任，提升處置效能，牢牢守住不發(fā)生系統(tǒng)性風險的底線。優(yōu)化房地產政策，對不同所有制房地產企業(yè)合理融資需求要一視同仁給予支持，促進房地產市場平穩(wěn)健康發(fā)展。統(tǒng)籌好地方債務風險化解和穩(wěn)定發(fā)展，進一步落實一攬子化債方案，妥善化解存量債務風險、嚴防新增債務風險。穩(wěn)妥推進一些地方的中小金融機構風險處置。嚴厲打擊非法金融活動。

We will take prudent and well-ordered steps to address risks and hidden dangers. 

We will improve the coordination mechanisms for addressing major risks and ensure that all relevant responsibilities are fulfilled, including the primary responsibilities of enterprises, the oversight responsibilities of competent government departments, and the jurisdictional responsibilities of local governments. We must boost our capacity for addressing major risks to see that no systemic risks arise. 

We will refine real estate policies and meet justified financing demands of real estate enterprises under various forms of ownership on an equal basis, so as to promote the steady and healthy development of the real estate market. 

We will make concerted efforts to defuse local government debt risks while ensuring stable development. We will implement a package of measures to defuse risks caused by existing debts and guard against risks arising from new debts. 

We will take prudent steps to defuse risks in small and medium financial institutions in some localities and take tough measures against illegal financial activities.

健全風險防控長效機制。適應新型城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展趨勢和房地產市場供求關系變化，加快構建房地產發(fā)展新模式。加大保障性住房建設和供給，完善商品房相關基礎性制度，滿足居民剛性住房需求和多樣化改善性住房需求。建立同高質量發(fā)展相適應的政府債務管理機制，完善全口徑地方債務監(jiān)測監(jiān)管體系，分類推進地方融資平臺轉型。健全金融監(jiān)管體制，提高金融風險防控能力。

We will improve the long-term mechanisms for preventing and controlling risks. 

We will, in response to the trend of new urbanization and supply and demand changes in the housing market, move faster to foster a new development model for real estate. We will scale up the building and supply of government-subsidized housing and improve the basic systems for commodity housing to meet people's essential need for a home to live in and their different demands for better housing. 

We will develop government debt management mechanisms that meet the needs of high-quality development, improve monitoring and oversight systems for the unified management of local government debt, and transform local financing platforms on a categorized basis. 

We will improve the system of financial regulation and raise our capacity for preventing and controlling financial risks.

加強重點領域安全能力建設。完善糧食生產收儲加工體系，全方位夯實糧食安全根基。推進國家水網建設。強化能源資源安全保障，加大油氣、戰(zhàn)略性礦產資源勘探開發(fā)力度。加快構建大國儲備體系，加強重點儲備設施建設。提高網絡、數據等安全保障能力。有效維護產業(yè)鏈供應鏈安全穩(wěn)定，支撐國民經濟循環(huán)暢通。

We will build up our security capacity in key areas. 

We will improve the systems for grain production, storage, and processing and take comprehensive steps to consolidate the foundation of food security. We will move forward with building a national water network and do more to ensure energy and resource security by stepping up the exploration and development of oil, natural gas, and strategic mineral resources. 

We will work faster to establish a national reserve system that meets the needs of a large country like China and build more major reserve facilities. Our capacity for ensuring internet and data security will be further enhanced. We will effectively safeguard the security and stability of industrial and supply chains to ensure smooth flows in the national economy.

（七）堅持不懈抓好“三農”工作，扎實推進鄉(xiāng)村全面振興。錨定建設農業(yè)強國目標，學習運用“千村示范、萬村整治”工程經驗，因地制宜、分類施策，循序漸進、久久為功，推動鄉(xiāng)村全面振興不斷取得實質性進展、階段性成果。

7. Making sustained efforts to deliver in work relating to agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents and taking solid steps to advance rural revitalization

We will strive to build a strong agricultural sector. With this goal in mind, we will draw on and apply the experience from the Green Rural Revival Program in Zhejiang Province. We will adopt a category-based, region-specific, and phased approach to continuously secure substantive progress and deliver anticipated outcomes in each stage of rural revitalization.

加強糧食和重要農產品穩(wěn)產保供。穩(wěn)定糧食播種面積，鞏固大豆擴種成果，推動大面積提高單產。適當提高小麥最低收購價，在全國實施三大主糧生產成本和收入保險政策，健全種糧農民收益保障機制。加大產糧大縣支持力度，完善主產區(qū)利益補償機制。擴大油料生產，穩(wěn)定畜牧業(yè)、漁業(yè)生產能力，發(fā)展現代設施農業(yè)。支持節(jié)水農業(yè)、旱作農業(yè)發(fā)展。加強病蟲害和動物疫病防控。加大種業(yè)振興、農業(yè)關鍵核心技術攻關力度，實施農機裝備補短板行動。嚴守耕地紅線，完善耕地占補平衡制度，加強黑土地保護和鹽堿地綜合治理，提高高標準農田建設投資補助水平。各地區(qū)都要扛起保障國家糧食安全責任。我們這樣一個人口大國，必須踐行好大農業(yè)觀、大食物觀，始終把飯碗牢牢端在自己手上。

We will ensure stable production and supply of grain and other major agricultural products. 

We will keep the total grain acreage stable, consolidate the increase in soybean production, and increase per unit crop yield on a large scale. We will raise as appropriate the minimum purchase price for wheat, implement nationwide full-cost insurance and income insurance for the three main grain crops of rice, wheat, and corn, and improve mechanisms for ensuring the incomes of grain growers. We will give greater support to major grain-producing counties and refine the mechanism for giving incentives to major grain-producing areas. 

We will expand production of oilseed crops, keep production in the livestock and fishery industries stable, and develop modern protected agriculture. Support will be given to develop water-efficient agriculture and dry farming. More effective steps will be taken to prevent and control crop diseases and pests and animal epidemics. We will redouble efforts to invigorate the seed industry and make breakthroughs in key agricultural technologies. We will launch an initiative to address weaknesses in agricultural machinery and equipment. 

To ensure that the total area of China's farmland remains above the specified red line, we will refine the system for offsetting cultivated land that has been put to other uses. We will strengthen chernozem soil protection and improve saline-alkali land in an integrated way. Investment subsidies for high-standard cropland development will be increased. 

All local governments must shoulder their share of responsibility for ensuring national food security. As China has a large population, we must adopt an all-encompassing approach to agriculture and food and ensure that China's food supply remains firmly in our own hands.

毫不放松鞏固拓展脫貧攻堅成果。加強防止返貧監(jiān)測和幫扶工作，確保不發(fā)生規(guī)模性返貧。支持脫貧地區(qū)發(fā)展特色優(yōu)勢產業(yè)，推進防止返貧就業(yè)攻堅行動，強化易地搬遷后續(xù)幫扶。深化東西部協(xié)作和定點幫扶。加大對國家鄉(xiāng)村振興重點幫扶縣支持力度，建立健全農村低收入人口和欠發(fā)達地區(qū)常態(tài)化幫扶機制，讓脫貧成果更加穩(wěn)固、成效更可持續(xù)。

We will keep working to consolidate and expand our achievements in poverty alleviation. 

We will strengthen monitoring and assistance to prevent people from falling back into poverty and see that no large-scale return to poverty occurs. We will help areas that have shaken off poverty develop distinctive and competitive local industries, launch employment promotion initiatives to prevent any return to poverty, and enhance follow-up support for people who have been relocated from inhospitable areas. 

We will advance east-west cooperation and targeted assistance, increase support for key counties receiving national assistance for rural revitalization, and establish sound mechanisms to provide regular assistance to low-income rural residents and less-developed areas. With these efforts, we will further consolidate and sustain our achievements in poverty alleviation.

穩(wěn)步推進農村改革發(fā)展。深化農村土地制度改革，啟動第二輪土地承包到期后再延長30年整省試點。深化集體產權、集體林權、農墾、供銷社等改革，促進新型農村集體經濟發(fā)展。著眼促進農民增收，壯大鄉(xiāng)村富民產業(yè)，發(fā)展新型農業(yè)經營主體和社會化服務，培養(yǎng)用好鄉(xiāng)村人才。繁榮發(fā)展鄉(xiāng)村文化，持續(xù)推進農村移風易俗。深入實施鄉(xiāng)村建設行動，大力改善農村水電路氣信等基礎設施和公共服務，加強充電樁、冷鏈物流、寄遞配送設施建設，加大農房抗震改造力度，持續(xù)改善農村人居環(huán)境，建設宜居宜業(yè)和美鄉(xiāng)村。

We will steadily advance rural reform and development. 

We will deepen reform of the rural land system and launch province-wide trials on extending rural land contracts by another 30 years upon the expiration of second-round contracts. We will push forward with reforms on collective property rights, collective forest tenure, state farms, and supply and marketing cooperatives, and boost the development of new types of rural collective economies. 

We will, with a focus on increasing rural incomes, boost the development of rural industries that benefit local people and develop new types of agribusinesses and commercial agricultural services. We will strive to build a skilled rural workforce and see that it is put to best use. We will promote a flourishing rural culture and make steady efforts to change outdated social mores.

In pursuing rural development initiatives, we will make a major push to upgrade rural infrastructure and public services such as water, electricity and gas supplies, roads, and communications services. We will build more electric vehicle charging facilities, cold-chain logistics, and courier delivery facilities in rural areas. We will renovate houses in rural areas to make them earthquake-resistant and further improve the rural living environment. With these efforts, we will turn the countryside into a beautiful and harmonious place for people to live and work in.

（八）推動城鄉(xiāng)融合和區(qū)域協(xié)調發(fā)展，大力優(yōu)化經濟布局。深入實施區(qū)域協(xié)調發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略、區(qū)域重大戰(zhàn)略、主體功能區(qū)戰(zhàn)略，把推進新型城鎮(zhèn)化和鄉(xiāng)村全面振興有機結合起來，加快構建優(yōu)勢互補、高質量發(fā)展的區(qū)域經濟格局。

8. Promoting integrated development between urban and rural areas, advancing coordinated development between regions, and optimizing regional economic layout

We will thoroughly implement the coordinated regional development strategy, major regional strategies, and the functional zoning strategy. We will promote all-around rural revitalization and new urbanization in a coordinated way and move faster to create a regional economic landscape featuring complementary strengths and high-quality development.

積極推進新型城鎮(zhèn)化。我國城鎮(zhèn)化還有很大發(fā)展提升空間。要深入實施新型城鎮(zhèn)化戰(zhàn)略行動，促進各類要素雙向流動，形成城鄉(xiāng)融合發(fā)展新格局。把加快農業(yè)轉移人口市民化擺在突出位置，深化戶籍制度改革，完善“人地錢”掛鉤政策，讓有意愿的進城農民工在城鎮(zhèn)落戶，推動未落戶常住人口平等享受城鎮(zhèn)基本公共服務。培育發(fā)展縣域經濟，補齊基礎設施和公共服務短板，使縣城成為新型城鎮(zhèn)化的重要載體。注重以城市群、都市圈為依托，促進大中小城市協(xié)調發(fā)展。推動成渝地區(qū)雙城經濟圈建設。穩(wěn)步實施城市更新行動，推進“平急兩用”公共基礎設施建設和城中村改造，加快完善地下管網，推動解決老舊小區(qū)加裝電梯、停車等難題，加強無障礙環(huán)境、適老化設施建設，打造宜居、智慧、韌性城市。新型城鎮(zhèn)化要處處體現以人為本，提高精細化管理和服務水平，讓人民群眾享有更高品質的生活。

We will actively advance new urbanization. 

There is still much to be achieved in China's urbanization endeavors. We will step up efforts to pursue strategic initiatives for new urbanization, promote the two-way flow of production factors between urban and rural areas, and develop a new model of integrated urban-rural development. 

As a matter of priority, we will move faster to grant permanent urban residency to eligible people who have moved to cities from rural areas. We will deepen reform of the household registration system and refine the policies for linking transfer payment increases and the amount of local land designated for urban development to the number of urban residency approvals local governments grant. We will ensure that all rural migrant workers in cities can obtain permanent urban residency if they so desire and that urban residents without local household registration enjoy equal access to basic public services. 

We will foster and develop county economies and shore up weak links in infrastructure and public services as we promote new urbanization with a focus on county seats. We will leverage the role of city clusters and metropolitan areas in promoting coordinated development of large, medium, and small cities. The development of the Chengdu-Chongqing economic zone will be sped up. 

Urban renewal projects will be steadily advanced. We will build dual-use public infrastructure that can accommodate emergency needs, redevelop urban villages, and move faster to improve underground pipeline networks. We will resolve problems such as the need to install elevators and parking shortages in old residential compounds, and develop barrier-free and age-friendly facilities. These steps will help make our cities livable, smart, and resilient. 

New urbanization should be people-centered in every respect. We will upgrade both management and services and enable people to enjoy a higher quality of life.

提高區(qū)域協(xié)調發(fā)展水平。充分發(fā)揮各地區(qū)比較優(yōu)勢，按照主體功能定位，積極融入和服務構建新發(fā)展格局。深入實施西部大開發(fā)、東北全面振興、中部地區(qū)加快崛起、東部地區(qū)加快推進現代化等戰(zhàn)略，提升東北和中西部地區(qū)承接產業(yè)轉移能力。支持京津冀、長三角、粵港澳大灣區(qū)等經濟發(fā)展優(yōu)勢地區(qū)更好發(fā)揮高質量發(fā)展動力源作用。抓好標志性項目在雄安新區(qū)落地建設。持續(xù)推進長江經濟帶高質量發(fā)展，推動黃河流域生態(tài)保護和高質量發(fā)展。支持革命老區(qū)、民族地區(qū)加快發(fā)展，加強邊疆地區(qū)建設，統(tǒng)籌推進興邊富民行動。優(yōu)化重大生產力布局，加強國家戰(zhàn)略腹地建設。制定主體功能區(qū)優(yōu)化實施規(guī)劃，完善配套政策。大力發(fā)展海洋經濟，建設海洋強國。

We will pursue better coordinated regional development. 

We will fully leverage the comparative advantages of all regions and encourage them to, based on their defined functions, integrate into and contribute to the creation of a new development pattern.

We will thoroughly implement the strategies for the large-scale development of the western region, full revitalization of northeast China, accelerated rise of the central region, and faster modernization of the eastern region. We will boost the capacity of the northeastern, central, and western regions for absorbing relocated industries. 

We will support regions with advantages in economic development—the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area—in better playing their role as drivers of high-quality development. We will work to ensure the implementation of landmark projects in the Xiong'an New Area. We will continue to promote high-quality development of the Yangtze Economic Belt as well as ecological conservation and high-quality development in the Yellow River basin. 

We will support old revolutionary base areas and areas with large ethnic minority populations in accelerating development, strengthen development of border areas, and advance the program for boosting development and raising living standards in border areas.

We will improve the layout of major productive forces and bolster the development of China's strategic hinterland. We will formulate an implementation plan for optimizing functional zones and improve relevant supporting policies. We will vigorously develop the marine economy and work to build a strong maritime country.

（九）加強生態(tài)文明建設，推進綠色低碳發(fā)展。深入踐行綠水青山就是金山銀山的理念，協(xié)同推進降碳、減污、擴綠、增長，建設人與自然和諧共生的美麗中國。

9. Enhancing ecological conservation and promoting green and low-carbon development

Acting on the principle that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, we will make concerted efforts to cut carbon emissions, reduce pollution, pursue green development, and boost economic growth so as to build a Beautiful China featuring harmony between humanity and nature.

推動生態(tài)環(huán)境綜合治理。深入實施空氣質量持續(xù)改善行動計劃，統(tǒng)籌水資源、水環(huán)境、水生態(tài)治理，加強土壤污染源頭防控，強化固體廢物、新污染物、塑料污染治理。堅持山水林田湖草沙一體化保護和系統(tǒng)治理，加強生態(tài)環(huán)境分區(qū)管控。組織打好“三北”工程三大標志性戰(zhàn)役，推進以國家公園為主體的自然保護地建設。加強重要江河湖庫生態(tài)保護治理。持續(xù)推進長江十年禁漁。實施生物多樣性保護重大工程。完善生態(tài)產品價值實現機制，健全生態(tài)保護補償制度，充分調動各方面保護和改善生態(tài)環(huán)境的積極性。

We will take comprehensive steps to improve the environment. 

We will further implement the action plan for continuously improving air quality, make coordinated efforts to improve water resources, aquatic environments, and aquatic ecosystems, and better prevent and control soil contamination at the source. Control and treatment of solid waste, new pollutants, and plastic pollution will be stepped up. 

We will take a holistic and systematic approach to the protection and conservation of mountain, water, forest, farmland, grassland, and desert ecosystems and adopt a stronger region-specific approach to environmental management. We will make full preparations to ensure the success of the three landmark projects for the shelterbelt program in northwest, north, and northeast China, and advance the development of a system of protected areas with national parks as the mainstay. 

We will promote the ecological conservation and improvement of important rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, continue to enforce the 10-year fishing ban on the Yangtze River, and carry out major biodiversity conservation programs. We will improve the mechanisms for realizing the market value of ecosystem goods and services and the systems of compensation for ecological conservation to motivate everyone to get involved in environmental conservation and protection.

大力發(fā)展綠色低碳經濟。推進產業(yè)結構、能源結構、交通運輸結構、城鄉(xiāng)建設發(fā)展綠色轉型。落實全面節(jié)約戰(zhàn)略，加快重點領域節(jié)能節(jié)水改造。完善支持綠色發(fā)展的財稅、金融、投資、價格政策和相關市場化機制，推動廢棄物循環(huán)利用產業(yè)發(fā)展，促進節(jié)能降碳先進技術研發(fā)應用，加快形成綠色低碳供應鏈。建設美麗中國先行區(qū)，打造綠色低碳發(fā)展高地。

We will boost the green and low-carbon economy. 

We will push forward with the green transformation of the industrial structure, the energy mix, and the transportation sector as well as urban and rural development. We will implement a comprehensive conservation strategy and accelerate efforts to upgrade water and energy conservation facilities in key sectors. We will improve fiscal, tax, financial, investment, and pricing policies in support of green development as well as relevant market-based mechanisms. 

We will support the development of industries for recycling waste and used materials, encourage the R&D and application of advanced energy-saving and carbon-reducing technologies, and accelerate the development of green and low-carbon supply chains. We will launch pilot zones for the Beautiful China Initiative and foster pacesetters for green and low-carbon development.

積極穩(wěn)妥推進碳達峰碳中和。扎實開展“碳達峰十大行動”。提升碳排放統(tǒng)計核算核查能力，建立碳足跡管理體系，擴大全國碳市場行業(yè)覆蓋范圍。深入推進能源革命，控制化石能源消費，加快建設新型能源體系。加強大型風電光伏基地和外送通道建設，推動分布式能源開發(fā)利用，提高電網對清潔能源的接納、配置和調控能力，發(fā)展新型儲能，促進綠電使用和國際互認，發(fā)揮煤炭、煤電兜底作用，確保經濟社會發(fā)展用能需求。

We will actively and prudently work toward peaking carbon dioxide emissions and achieving carbon neutrality. 

We will carry out the 10 major initiatives for peaking carbon emissions and improve our carbon accounting and verification capacities. We will develop a carbon footprint management system and expand the coverage of the national carbon market to more sectors. 

We will advance the energy revolution, tighten control over fossil fuels consumption, and work faster to develop a new energy system. We will step up the building of large-scale wind and photovoltaic power bases and transmission routes and promote the development and use of distributed energy sources. We will enhance power grids' capacity for absorbing, distributing, and regulating clean energy and create new ways of storing energy and encourage the use and international mutual recognition of green electricity. We will see that coal and coal-fired power play their crucial role in ensuring energy supply and our energy supply meets the needs of economic and social development.

（十）切實保障和改善民生，加強和創(chuàng)新社會治理。堅持以人民為中心的發(fā)展思想，履行好?；?、兜底線職責，采取更多惠民生、暖民心舉措，扎實推進共同富裕，促進社會和諧穩(wěn)定，不斷增強人民群眾的獲得感、幸福感、安全感。

10. Ensuring and improving the people's wellbeing and promoting better and new ways of conducting social governance

Acting on the people-centered development philosophy, we will fulfill our responsibilities to meet people's basic needs and provide a cushion for those most in need and take more steps to deliver real benefits to the people to their satisfaction. We will make solid progress toward prosperity for all and promote social harmony and stability. By doing so, we will give our people a growing sense of fulfillment, happiness, and security.

多措并舉穩(wěn)就業(yè)促增收。就業(yè)是最基本的民生。要突出就業(yè)優(yōu)先導向，加強財稅、金融等政策對穩(wěn)就業(yè)的支持，加大促就業(yè)專項政策力度。落實和完善穩(wěn)崗返還、專項貸款、就業(yè)和社保補貼等政策，加強對就業(yè)容量大的行業(yè)企業(yè)支持。預計今年高校畢業(yè)生超過1170萬人，要強化促進青年就業(yè)政策舉措，優(yōu)化就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)指導服務。扎實做好退役軍人就業(yè)安置工作，積極促進農民工就業(yè)，加強對殘疾人等就業(yè)困難人員幫扶。分類完善靈活就業(yè)服務保障措施，擴大新就業(yè)形態(tài)就業(yè)人員職業(yè)傷害保障試點。堅決糾正性別、年齡、學歷等就業(yè)歧視，保障農民工工資支付，完善勞動關系協(xié)商協(xié)調機制，維護勞動者合法權益。適應先進制造、現代服務、養(yǎng)老照護等領域人才需求，加強職業(yè)技能培訓。多渠道增加城鄉(xiāng)居民收入，擴大中等收入群體規(guī)模，努力促進低收入群體增收。

We will take a wide range of steps to stabilize employment and increase incomes. 

As employment is the most basic component of the people's wellbeing, we will give greater priority to it. We will better leverage fiscal, tax, financial, and other policies to stabilize employment, and roll out more special policies to promote employment. 

To keep employment stable, we will implement and improve policies on unemployment insurance premium refunds, special loans, and employment and social insurance subsidies, and we will provide more support to sectors and enterprises with a large capacity for creating jobs. 

Over 11.7 million students are due to graduate from college this year, and we must do more to promote employment for young people and provide better guidance and services to help them secure jobs or start businesses. We will take solid steps to support ex-service members in getting settled and finding employment and work actively to ensure employment for rural migrant workers. More employment assistance will be provided to jobseekers facing difficulties in securing employment including people with disabilities.

We will improve services and assistance for people in flexible employment based on their type of employment and expand trials of occupational injury insurance for people in new forms of employment. We will take resolute steps against gender, age, and education discrimination in the workplace and ensure that the wages of rural migrant workers are paid. We will improve the consultation and mediation mechanisms for labor relations to protect the lawful rights and interests of workers. 

We will enhance vocational skills training to meet job demands in sectors such as advanced manufacturing, modern services, and elderly care. We will work to increase the incomes of urban and rural residents through multiple channels, expand the size of the middle-income group, and increase the incomes of low-income earners.

提高醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務能力。繼續(xù)做好重點傳染病防控。居民醫(yī)保人均財政補助標準提高30元。促進醫(yī)保、醫(yī)療、醫(yī)藥協(xié)同發(fā)展和治理。推動基本醫(yī)療保險省級統(tǒng)籌，完善國家藥品集中采購制度，強化醫(yī)?；鹗褂贸B(tài)化監(jiān)管，落實和完善異地就醫(yī)結算。深化公立醫(yī)院改革，以患者為中心改善醫(yī)療服務，推動檢查檢驗結果互認。著眼推進分級診療，引導優(yōu)質醫(yī)療資源下沉基層，加強縣鄉(xiāng)村醫(yī)療服務協(xié)同聯(lián)動，擴大基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機構慢性病、常見病用藥種類。加強罕見病研究、診療服務和用藥保障。加快補齊兒科、老年醫(yī)學、精神衛(wèi)生、醫(yī)療護理等服務短板，加強全科醫(yī)生培養(yǎng)培訓。促進中醫(yī)藥傳承創(chuàng)新，加強中醫(yī)優(yōu)勢專科建設。完善疾病預防控制體系。深入開展健康中國行動和愛國衛(wèi)生運動，筑牢人民群眾健康防線。

We will improve medical and health services. 

We will continue work to prevent and control key infectious diseases. Government subsidies for basic medical insurance for rural and non-working urban residents will increase by an average of 30 yuan per person. 

We will promote the coordinated development and management of medical insurance, medical services, and pharmaceuticals. We will advance the unified management of basic medical insurance funds at the provincial level, improve the system for national centralized procurement of medicines, enhance regular oversight over the use of medical insurance funds, and refine the policies on settling medical expenses where they are incurred. 

We will deepen the reform of public hospitals, improve medical services with a patient-centered approach, and promote mutual recognition of medical examination results between hospitals. To promote tiered diagnosis and treatment, we will channel more high-quality medical resources toward lower-level hospitals, promote stronger county-township-village coordination in the supply of medical services, and allow prescription of a wider range of medicines for chronic diseases and common diseases in community clinics. We will strengthen research, diagnosis, and treatment of rare diseases and better ensure the supply of medicines for such diseases. We will act faster to shore up weak links in services such as pediatrics, geriatrics, mental health, and nursing and strengthen the training of general practitioners. 

We will promote the preservation and innovative development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and strengthen specialty branches that draw on the strengths of TCM. We will improve the system for disease prevention and control. We will advance the Healthy China Initiative and patriotic health campaigns and build a strong line of defense to protect people's health.

加強社會保障和服務。實施積極應對人口老齡化國家戰(zhàn)略。城鄉(xiāng)居民基礎養(yǎng)老金月最低標準提高20元，繼續(xù)提高退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金，完善養(yǎng)老保險全國統(tǒng)籌。在全國實施個人養(yǎng)老金制度，積極發(fā)展第三支柱養(yǎng)老保險。做好退役軍人、軍屬和其他優(yōu)撫對象服務保障。加強城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)養(yǎng)老服務網絡建設，加大農村養(yǎng)老服務補短板力度。加強老年用品和服務供給，大力發(fā)展銀發(fā)經濟。推進建立長期護理保險制度。健全生育支持政策，優(yōu)化生育假期制度，完善經營主體用工成本合理共擔機制，多渠道增加托育服務供給，減輕家庭生育、養(yǎng)育、教育負擔。做好留守兒童和困境兒童關愛救助。加強殘疾預防和康復服務，完善重度殘疾人托養(yǎng)照護政策。健全分層分類的社會救助體系，統(tǒng)籌防止返貧和低收入人口幫扶政策，把民生兜底保障安全網織密扎牢。

We will enhance social security and social services. 

We will pursue a proactive national strategy in response to population aging. The minimum basic old-age benefits for rural and non-working urban residents will be raised by 20 yuan per month. We will continue to increase basic pensions for retirees and improve the unified national management system for basic old-age insurance funds. We will implement the private pension system nationwide and encourage the development of third-pillar pension plans. 

We will ensure services and support for veterans, military families, and other entitled groups. We will step up the development of elderly care networks in urban and rural communities and redouble efforts to strengthen elderly care services in rural areas. More products and services for senior citizens will be provided, and a further push will be made to develop the silver economy. We will move ahead with establishing insurance schemes for long-term care. 

We will improve policies to boost birth rates by refining parental leave policies, improving the mechanism for sharing the related labor costs of employers, and increasing the supply of childcare services through multiple channels. These steps will reduce the costs of giving birth and raising and educating children. 

We will ensure that left-behind children in rural areas and children in need receive adequate care and assistance. We will strengthen disability prevention, provide better rehabilitation services for people with disabilities, and improve policies for providing care to people suffering from severe disabilities. The multi-tiered and categorized social assistance system will be improved. We will coordinate policies on preventing a relapse into poverty and providing assistance to low-income groups so as to strengthen the safety net for ensuring the basic needs of the people.

豐富人民群眾精神文化生活。深入學習貫徹習近平文化思想。廣泛踐行社會主義核心價值觀。發(fā)展哲學社會科學、新聞出版、廣播影視、文學藝術和檔案等事業(yè)。制定推動文化傳承發(fā)展的政策舉措。深入推進國家文化數字化戰(zhàn)略。深化全民閱讀活動。完善網絡綜合治理，培育積極健康、向上向善的網絡文化。創(chuàng)新實施文化惠民工程，提高公共文化場館免費開放服務水平。大力發(fā)展文化產業(yè)。開展第四次全國文物普查，加強文物系統(tǒng)性保護和合理利用。推進非物質文化遺產保護傳承。深化中外人文交流，提高國際傳播能力。加大體育改革力度。做好2024年奧運會、殘奧會備戰(zhàn)參賽工作。建好用好群眾身邊的體育設施，推動全民健身活動廣泛開展。

We will enrich people's intellectual and cultural lives. 

We will gain a good understanding of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture and act on it. We will promote core socialist values. We will develop philosophy, social sciences, the press and publishing, radio, film and television, literature and art, archiving, and other programs. We will roll out policies and measures to support cultural preservation and development.

We will implement the national cultural digitization strategy and do more to foster a love of reading among our people. We will improve comprehensive cyberspace governance and cultivate a positive and healthy online culture that encourages the pursuit of excellence and integrity. We will implement cultural projects to benefit the public in a creative way and improve services of free public cultural facilities. More efforts will be made to develop the cultural sector. 

The fourth national survey of cultural artifacts will be launched. On this basis, we will promote the systematic protection and proper use of cultural artifacts as well as protection and preservation of intangible cultural heritage.

We will boost people-to-people exchanges with other countries and strengthen our capacity for international communication. We will intensify reform in sports and make good preparations for the Paris 2024 Olympic and Paralympic Games. We will build sports facilities close to people's homes and see they are fully used. We will extensively promote public fitness activities.

維護國家安全和社會穩(wěn)定。貫徹總體國家安全觀，加強國家安全體系和能力建設。提高公共安全治理水平，推動治理模式向事前預防轉型。著力夯實安全生產和防災減災救災基層基礎，增強風險防范、應急處置和支撐保障能力。扎實開展安全生產治本攻堅三年行動，加強重點行業(yè)領域風險隱患排查整治，壓實各方責任，堅決遏制重特大事故發(fā)生。做好洪澇、干旱、臺風、森林草原火災、地質災害、地震等防范應對，加強氣象服務。嚴格食品、藥品、特種設備等安全監(jiān)管。完善社會治理體系。強化城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)服務功能。引導支持社會組織、人道救助、志愿服務、公益慈善等健康發(fā)展。保障婦女、兒童、老年人、殘疾人合法權益。堅持和發(fā)展新時代“楓橋經驗”，推進矛盾糾紛預防化解，推動信訪工作法治化。加強公共法律服務。強化社會治安整體防控，推進掃黑除惡常態(tài)化，依法打擊各類違法犯罪活動，建設更高水平的平安中國。

We will safeguard national security and social stability. 

We will take a holistic approach to national security, with a focus on strengthening the national security system and capacity. We will enhance public security governance by shifting toward a prevention-based model. 

We will strengthen workplace safety and disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief efforts in local communities and enhance our capacity for guarding against risks, responding to emergencies, and ensuring supplies and resources. A three-year drive will be launched to address the root causes of workplace accidents and ensure production safety. We will work harder to identify and address risks and potential dangers in key sectors and areas and see that all those involved fully shoulder their share of responsibilities, so as to resolutely prevent major and serious accidents. We will better guard against and respond to disasters including floods, droughts, typhoons, forest and grassland fires, geological disasters, and earthquakes, and provide quality meteorological services.

Oversight over the safety of food, drugs, and special equipment will be tightened. We will improve the social governance system and strengthen the service providing functions of urban and rural communities. We will guide and support the healthy development of social organizations, humanitarian assistance, volunteer services, public welfare, and charitable initiatives. We will effectively protect the lawful rights and interests of women, children, senior citizens, and people with disabilities.

We will apply and further develop the Fengqiao model for promoting community-level governance in the new era to better prevent and resolve disputes and promote law-based handling of public complaints. Better public legal services will be provided. We will take a holistic approach to ensuring law and order, combat organized crime and root out local criminal gangs on an ongoing basis, and crack down on illegal and criminal activities of all types in accordance with the law, so as to better pursue the Peaceful China Initiative.

各位代表！

Fellow Deputies,

新征程新使命，對政府工作提出了新的更高要求。各級政府及其工作人員要深刻領悟“兩個確立”的決定性意義，增強“四個意識”、堅定“四個自信”、做到“兩個維護”，自覺在思想上政治上行動上同以習近平同志為核心的黨中央保持高度一致，不斷提高政治判斷力、政治領悟力、政治執(zhí)行力，把黨的領導貫穿政府工作各方面全過程。要把堅持高質量發(fā)展作為新時代的硬道理，把為民造福作為最重要的政績，努力建設人民滿意的法治政府、創(chuàng)新政府、廉潔政府和服務型政府，全面履行好政府職責。

The new mission on our new journey demands new and higher standards for what we do in the government. 

All of us in governments at every level must acquire a deep understanding of the decisive significance of establishing Comrade Xi Jinping's core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole and establishing the guiding role of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era; be more conscious of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment with the central Party leadership; stay confident in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics; uphold Comrade Xi Jinping's core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole and uphold the Central Committee's authority and its centralized, unified leadership. We must keep enhancing our capacity for political judgment, thinking, and implementation and uphold Party leadership in every aspect and throughout the entire process of government work. 

We must pursue high-quality development as our top priority in the new era, make improving the people's wellbeing the most important political achievement, and endeavor to build a law-based, innovation-driven, and service-oriented government of integrity that meets the people's expectations and fully performs its duties.

深入推進依法行政。嚴格遵守憲法法律。自覺接受同級人大及其常委會的監(jiān)督，自覺接受人民政協(xié)的民主監(jiān)督，自覺接受社會和輿論監(jiān)督。加強審計監(jiān)督。堅持科學、民主、依法決策，制定政策要遵循規(guī)律、廣聚共識、于法有據。完善政務公開制度。全面推進嚴格規(guī)范公正文明執(zhí)法。支持工會、共青團、婦聯(lián)等群團組織更好發(fā)揮作用。發(fā)揚自我革命精神，持之以恒正風肅紀反腐，縱深推進黨風廉政建設和反腐敗斗爭。政府工作人員要遵守法紀、廉潔修身、勤勉盡責，干干凈凈為人民做事。

We will fully advance law-based government administration and strictly abide by the Constitution and laws. We will readily submit ourselves to the oversight of people's congresses and their standing committees at the corresponding level. We will readily accept democratic oversight from the CPPCC and readily submit ourselves to public oversight and oversight through public opinion. Audit-based oversight will also be strengthened. 

With a commitment to sound, democratic, and law-based decision-making, we will observe objective laws, build broad consensus, and ensure a solid legal basis when formulating policies. We will improve the system of government transparency and comprehensively promote strict, procedure-based, impartial, and non-abusive law enforcement. We will support trade unions, Communist Youth League organizations, women's federations, and other people's organizations in better fulfilling their roles. 

We will carry forward the spirit of self-reform. We will stay focused on improving conduct, tightening discipline, and fighting corruption, and we will redouble efforts to enhance Party conduct, build a government of integrity, and advance anti-corruption initiatives. All of us in government must observe discipline and abide by the law, cultivate ethical and moral character, fulfill our responsibilities diligently, and work for the people with honesty and integrity.

全面提高行政效能。圍繞貫徹好、落實好黨中央決策部署，堅持優(yōu)化協(xié)同高效，深入推進政府職能轉變，不斷提高執(zhí)行力和公信力。堅持正確的思想方法和工作方法，勇于打破思維定勢和路徑依賴，積極謀劃用好牽引性、撬動性強的工作抓手，在抓落實上切實做到不折不扣、雷厲風行、求真務實、敢作善為，確保最終效果符合黨中央決策意圖，順應人民群眾期待。鞏固拓展主題教育成果，大興調查研究，落實“四下基層”制度。加快數字政府建設。以推進“高效辦成一件事”為牽引，提高政務服務水平。堅決糾治形式主義、官僚主義，進一步精簡文件和會議，完善督查檢查考核，持續(xù)為基層和企業(yè)減負。落實“三個區(qū)分開來”，完善干部擔當作為激勵和保護機制。廣大干部要增強“時時放心不下”的責任感，并切實轉化為“事事心中有底”的行動力，提振干事創(chuàng)業(yè)的精氣神，真抓實干、埋頭苦干、善作善成，努力創(chuàng)造無愧于時代和人民的新業(yè)績。

We will improve government performance across the board. Implementing the decisions and plans of the Party Central Committee, we will act on the principle of ensuring optimization, coordination, and efficiency so as to further transform government functions and boost the government's ability for implementation and its credibility. 

We will continue with the right approach to thinking and work, be ready to break free from fixed mindsets and dependency on established paths. We will make proactive plans and fully utilize drivers and levers in our work, take prompt, pragmatic, resolute, and effective steps to fully deliver on all work initiatives, and see that the final outcomes of our work are in keeping with the Party Central Committee's decisions and intentions and meet the people's expectations. 

We will consolidate and expand on what we have achieved in theoretical study initiatives, conduct extensive research and studies, and implement the practices of going into communities to communicate the Party's lines and policies, carry out research and studies, address people's complaints, and conduct field work. 

We will press ahead with building a digital government and promote one-stop government services to enhance our service levels. We will firmly tackle pointless formalities and bureaucratism, do more to streamline documents and meetings, improve oversight, inspection, and evaluation, and continue working to ease burdens on primary-level governments and enterprises. In keeping with the "three distinctions,"* we will improve the incentive and protection mechanisms encouraging officials to take on responsibility and be enterprising in their work. All our officials must act with an unfailing sense of responsibility at all times and the assurance to deliver in everything they do. We must be dedicated and enterprising, work hard, and take solid steps to perform and excel, and strive to accomplish new feats that are worthy of the times and the people's expectations.

各位代表！

Fellow Deputies,

我們要以鑄牢中華民族共同體意識為主線，堅持和完善民族區(qū)域自治制度，促進各民族廣泛交往交流交融，推動民族地區(qū)加快現代化建設步伐。堅持黨的宗教工作基本方針，深入推進我國宗教中國化，積極引導宗教與社會主義社會相適應。加強和改進僑務工作，維護海外僑胞和歸僑僑眷合法權益，匯聚起海內外中華兒女共同致力民族復興的磅礴力量。

We will, with a focus on forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation, uphold and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy, promote interaction, exchange, and integration among all ethnic groups, and speed up the modernization drive in ethnic minority regions. 

We will adhere to the Party's basic policy on religious affairs, ensure that religions in China must be Chinese in orientation, and provide guidance to religions so that they can adapt themselves to our socialist society. 

We will strengthen and improve our work related to overseas Chinese and protect the lawful rights and interests of Chinese nationals abroad, returned overseas Chinese, and relatives of overseas Chinese nationals in China. This will help forge a powerful force for all the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation, both at home and abroad, to dedicate themselves to national rejuvenation.

過去一年，國防和軍隊建設取得新的成績和進步，人民軍隊出色完成擔負的使命任務。新的一年，要深入貫徹習近平強軍思想，貫徹新時代軍事戰(zhàn)略方針，堅持黨對人民軍隊的絕對領導，全面深入貫徹軍委主席負責制，打好實現建軍一百年奮斗目標攻堅戰(zhàn)。全面加強練兵備戰(zhàn)，統(tǒng)籌推進軍事斗爭準備，抓好實戰(zhàn)化軍事訓練，堅定捍衛(wèi)國家主權、安全、發(fā)展利益。構建現代軍事治理體系，抓好軍隊建設“十四五”規(guī)劃執(zhí)行，加快實施國防發(fā)展重大工程。鞏固提高一體化國家戰(zhàn)略體系和能力，優(yōu)化國防科技工業(yè)體系和布局，加強國防教育、國防動員和后備力量建設。各級政府要大力支持國防和軍隊建設，深入開展“雙擁”工作，鞏固發(fā)展軍政軍民團結。

Last year, we made new achievements and progress in national defense and military development, and our people's armed forces fulfilled their missions and tasks with impressive results. This year, we will continue to implement Xi Jinping Thought on Strengthening the Military and the military strategy for the new era. We will remain committed to the Party's absolute leadership over the people's armed forces, thoroughly implement the system of ultimate responsibility resting with the chairman of the Central Military Commission, and take critical steps to meet the centenary goal of the People's Liberation Army. 

The armed forces will strengthen all-around military training and combat readiness, make well-coordinated efforts to improve military preparedness, and devote great energy to training under combat conditions, so as to firmly safeguard China's national sovereignty, security, and development interests. 

We will modernize the military governance system, advance military development as outlined in the 14th Five-Year Plan, and speed up the implementation of major defense-related projects. 

We will consolidate and enhance integration of national strategies and strategic capabilities, refine the system and layout of defense-related science, technology, and industries, raise public awareness concerning national defense, and strengthen national defense mobilization and readiness of reserve forces. 

We in governments at all levels will provide strong support to the development of national defense and the armed forces and strengthen mutual support between civilian sectors and the military, so as to consolidate the unity between the military and the government and between the military and the people.

我們要繼續(xù)全面準確、堅定不移貫徹“一國兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方針，堅持依法治港治澳，落實“愛國者治港”、“愛國者治澳”原則。支持香港、澳門發(fā)展經濟、改善民生，發(fā)揮自身優(yōu)勢和特點，積極參與粵港澳大灣區(qū)建設，更好融入國家發(fā)展大局，保持香港、澳門長期繁榮穩(wěn)定。

We will continue to fully, faithfully, and resolutely implement the policy of One Country, Two Systems, under which the people of Hong Kong administer Hong Kong and the people of Macao administer Macao, both with a high degree of autonomy. We will remain committed to law-based governance in Hong Kong and Macao and ensure that Hong Kong and Macao are administered by patriots. 

We will support Hong Kong and Macao in growing their economies, improving the lives of their people, and participating in the development of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area by leveraging their distinctive strengths and features. This will ensure that Hong Kong and Macao can better integrate themselves into China's overall development and maintain long-term prosperity and stability.

我們要堅持貫徹新時代黨解決臺灣問題的總體方略，堅持一個中國原則和“九二共識”，堅決反對“臺獨”分裂和外來干涉，推動兩岸關系和平發(fā)展，堅定不移推進祖國統(tǒng)一大業(yè)，維護中華民族根本利益。深化兩岸融合發(fā)展，增進兩岸同胞福祉，同心共創(chuàng)民族復興偉業(yè)。

We will implement our Party's overall policy for the new era on resolving the Taiwan question, stay committed to the one-China principle and the 1992 Consensus, and resolutely oppose separatist activities aimed at "Taiwan independence" and external interference.

We will promote the peaceful development of cross-Strait relations, be firm in advancing the cause of China's reunification, and uphold the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation. By advancing integrated cross-Strait development, we will improve the wellbeing of Chinese people on both sides so that together, we can realize the glorious cause of national rejuvenation. 

我們要堅持獨立自主的和平外交政策，堅持走和平發(fā)展道路，堅定奉行互利共贏的開放戰(zhàn)略，倡導平等有序的世界多極化和普惠包容的經濟全球化，推動構建新型國際關系，反對霸權霸道霸凌行徑，維護國際公平正義。中國愿同國際社會一道，落實全球發(fā)展倡議、全球安全倡議、全球文明倡議，弘揚全人類共同價值，推動全球治理體系變革，推動構建人類命運共同體。

We will stay committed to an independent foreign policy of peace and to peaceful development. We will remain firm in pursuing a strategy of opening up for mutual benefit. We call for an equal and orderly multipolar world and universally beneficial and inclusive economic globalization, and we are committed to promoting a new type of international relations. We will remain firm in opposing all hegemonic, high-handed, and bullying acts and in upholding international fairness and justice. 

China is ready to pursue the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative with other members of the international community so as to promote the shared values of humanity, reform the global governance system, and build a human community with a shared future.

各位代表！

Fellow Deputies,

使命重在擔當，奮斗創(chuàng)造未來。我們要更加緊密地團結在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央周圍，高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，以習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想為指導，堅定信心、開拓進取，努力完成全年經濟社會發(fā)展目標任務，為以中國式現代化全面推進強國建設、民族復興偉業(yè)不懈奮斗！

A historic mission lies ahead of us, and we will endeavor to create a brighter future. Let us rally more closely around the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. 

Let us forge ahead in full confidence and in a pioneering spirit to accomplish the objectives and tasks for this year's economic and social development. 

Let us strive to build a great country and advance national rejuvenation on all fronts through Chinese modernization.

（來源：新華網）

(Source: Xinhua)