Planning for Nuclear Emergency Preparedness and Response in Tandem with Enhanced Legislative/ Institutional/Regulatory Mechanisms 

China attaches great importance to planning for nuclear emergency preparedness and response in tandem with enhanced legislative/institutional/regulatory mechanisms, which ensure and help improve the functioning of a national nuclear emergency management system. 

To strengthen national nuclear emergency planning, China has enacted the National Nuclear Emergency Response Plan, which requires governments at all levels and nuclear facility operators to develop their own nuclear emergency plans as part of nationwide nuclear emergency planning. 

It is also important to strengthen China's nuclear emergency legal framework, comprising state laws, administrative regulations, departmental rules, national and industrial standards, and management guidelines. 

Efforts have been ongoing to improve China's nuclear emergency management system, which is under centralized direction at the national level, and facilitates coordination, with clear lines of responsibility and adequate local involvement. 

To strengthen nuclear emergency response coordination, a special coordination mechanism has been established, consisting of a lead agency and multiple other agencies. There are also committees of experts or support groups at the national and provincial (regional and municipal) levels and within nuclear facility operating organizations, providing advice on nuclear emergency preparedness and response.

核應(yīng)急“一案三制”建設(shè)

中國(guó)高度重視核應(yīng)急的預(yù)案和法制、體制、機(jī)制（簡(jiǎn)稱“一案三制”）建設(shè)，通過法律制度保障、體制機(jī)制保障，建立健全國(guó)家核應(yīng)急組織管理體系。

加強(qiáng)全國(guó)核應(yīng)急預(yù)案體系建設(shè)。國(guó)家制定《國(guó)家核應(yīng)急預(yù)案》，按照該預(yù)案要求，各級(jí)政府部門和核設(shè)施營(yíng)運(yùn)單位制定各自的核應(yīng)急預(yù)案，形成相互配套銜接的全國(guó)核應(yīng)急預(yù)案體系。

加強(qiáng)核應(yīng)急法制建設(shè)。中國(guó)基本形成集國(guó)家法律、行政法規(guī)、部門規(guī)章、國(guó)家和行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、管理導(dǎo)則于一體的核應(yīng)急法律法規(guī)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系。

加強(qiáng)核應(yīng)急管理體制建設(shè)。中國(guó)核應(yīng)急實(shí)行國(guó)家統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、綜合協(xié)調(diào)、分級(jí)負(fù)責(zé)、屬地管理為主的管理體制。

加強(qiáng)核應(yīng)急機(jī)制建設(shè)。中國(guó)實(shí)行由一個(gè)部門牽頭、多個(gè)部門參與的核應(yīng)急組織協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制。國(guó)家和各相關(guān)?。▍^(qū)、市）以及核設(shè)施營(yíng)運(yùn)單位建立專家委員會(huì)或支撐機(jī)構(gòu)，為核應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備與響應(yīng)提供決策咨詢和建議。