李克強(qiáng)總理會(huì)見中外記者（文字實(shí)錄）
Full transcript: Premier Li Keqiang meets the press
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| 2015年3月15日，國(guó)務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)在人民大會(huì)堂三樓金色大廳會(huì)見采訪十二屆全國(guó)人大三次會(huì)議的中外記者并回答記者提出的問題。[中國(guó)網(wǎng)] Chinese Premier Li Keqiang speaks at a press conference after the closing meeting of the third session of the 12th National People's Congress (NPC) at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, March 15, 2015. [China.org.cn] |
![2015年3月15日，國(guó)務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)在人民大會(huì)堂三樓金色大廳會(huì)見采訪十二屆全國(guó)人大三次會(huì)議的中外記者并回答記者提出的問題。[中國(guó)網(wǎng)]](http://images.china.cn/site1007/2015-03/17/001ec949ff5c1674a1af20.jpg "2015年3月15日，國(guó)務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)在人民大會(huì)堂三樓金色大廳會(huì)見采訪十二屆全國(guó)人大三次會(huì)議的中外記者并回答記者提出的問題。[中國(guó)網(wǎng)]")
新加坡海峽時(shí)報(bào)記者： 中國(guó)政府已經(jīng)將2015年中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增速的預(yù)期目標(biāo)定在7%左右，中國(guó)表示想要實(shí)現(xiàn)一種新常態(tài)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，這種增長(zhǎng)雖然速緩，但是質(zhì)更優(yōu)。我想了解的是，中國(guó)從這樣的新常態(tài)中能夠獲得怎樣的益處？這種新常態(tài)的增長(zhǎng)對(duì)于中國(guó)、對(duì)于整個(gè)世界會(huì)有何影響？您對(duì)于新常態(tài)增長(zhǎng)是怎么看的？您對(duì)中國(guó)堅(jiān)持實(shí)現(xiàn)速緩但質(zhì)優(yōu)的新常態(tài)增長(zhǎng)是否抱有信心？ | Straits Times: Premier Li, my question is about China's economy. China has set a lower GDP growth target this year of around 7%. Some say that it signals that Chinese economy has entered what they call a "new normal" of slower but better quality growth. What are the benefits knowing there are also downsides of slowing Chinese economy? Can you tell us how this new normal will affect China and the world? How should we view this and can we have the confidence that China is still committed to this new normal and can mange it well? |
李克強(qiáng)： 中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)入新常態(tài)，我們經(jīng)濟(jì)增速調(diào)整為今年預(yù)期增長(zhǎng)7%左右，看起來(lái)增速是調(diào)低了，實(shí)際上實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)并不容易，因?yàn)橹袊?guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)總量增大了，已經(jīng)超過了十萬(wàn)億美元。如果按7%增長(zhǎng)，那每年就要增加一個(gè)中等國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模。在這個(gè)過程中，如果我們能夠注重質(zhì)量、效益，促使中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)由中低端向中高端升級(jí)，那就可以在較長(zhǎng)時(shí)期保持中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)在中高速水平增長(zhǎng)。我們實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化就有了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)，對(duì)世界也是巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。 | Li Keqiang: China's economic development has entered a new normal. This year we have set the GDP growth target at approximately 7%. The GDP growth target has been adjusted downward, but it will by no means be easy to meet this target. Because China's economic aggregate keeps expanding and now the size of the economy is valued about 10 trillion US dollars. So a seven percent increase in today's economy is equivalent to the economic aggregate of a medium-sized country. We want to upgrade China's economy to a medium-high level of development and pursue a growth with improved quality and performance. This will help maintain China's growth at a medium-high speed and lay a more solid foundation for us to achieve modernization. It will also be China's big contribution to global economic growth. |
| 剛才你的提問當(dāng)中實(shí)際上表現(xiàn)了一種擔(dān)心，美國(guó)彭博社記者提問當(dāng)中也問中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)會(huì)不會(huì)繼續(xù)放緩。我多次說過，在新常態(tài)下，我們會(huì)保持中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)在合理區(qū)間運(yùn)行。如果速度放緩影響了就業(yè)收入等，逼近合理區(qū)間的下限，我們會(huì)在穩(wěn)定政策與穩(wěn)定市場(chǎng)對(duì)中國(guó)長(zhǎng)期預(yù)期的同時(shí)，加大定向調(diào)控的力度，來(lái)穩(wěn)定市場(chǎng)的當(dāng)前信心。我們這幾年沒有采取短期強(qiáng)刺激的政策，可以說運(yùn)用政策的回旋余地還比較大，我們“工具箱”里的工具還比較多。 | I sense some elements of concern in your question about China's economic growth and when the journalist from Bloomberg asked his questions, there was also such a worry about slowing growth in China. I have said on many occasions that under this new normal, we need to ensure that China's economy operates within a proper range. And if the growth speed comes close to the lower limit of the proper range and affects employment and increase of people's income, we will step up targeted macro economic regulation to boost the current market confidence while maintaining the continuity of our macro economic policies to anchor long-term market expectations. The good news is that in the past couple of years, we did not resort to massive stimulus measures for economic growth, and that has given us ample room to exercise macro economic regulation and we still have a host of policy instruments at our disposal. |
| 我希望你們對(duì)我后一段話的理解是“如果”。當(dāng)然，我并不否認(rèn)，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)面臨著下行的壓力，有多重風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，關(guān)鍵在于新常態(tài)下要在穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)和調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中間找到平衡點(diǎn)，這就使我想起中國(guó)人發(fā)明的圍棋，既要謀勢(shì)，又要做活，做活有兩只眼。形象地講，穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)和調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)就是兩只眼，做活了就可以謀大勢(shì)，當(dāng)然這需要眼光、耐力和勇氣。我相信，大家同心協(xié)力，有能力保持中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的大盤、基本面持續(xù)向好。謝謝！ | The latter part of my remarks is about a hypothetical situation. At the same time, I recognize that there is considerable downward pressure on China's growth and we still face multiple risks. This requires that the government strike a proper balance between maintaining steady growth and making structural adjustments. In Weiqi, a chessboard game invented by the Chinese, one needs to both plan on the big side and get key moves right. When it comes to the economy, we must meet both ends of maintaining steady growth and making structural adjustments. And this way, we can get a handle on the big situation. This requires that we have vision, perseverance and courage. I have confidence that with joint efforts, we are able to maintain the long-term positive fundamentals of the overall Chinese economy. |
第一財(cái)經(jīng)記者： 總理您好。我們注意到您多次強(qiáng)調(diào)大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新，并將其認(rèn)為是中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的新引擎。但是也有人說創(chuàng)業(yè)是老百姓自己的事，是市場(chǎng)的行為，那么我們的政府為什么還要操這么大的心、用這么大的力呢？謝謝。 | China Business News: Mr. Premier, you have stressed the importance of mass entrepreneurship and innovation on many occasions, and see it as a new engine fueling China's economic growth. But some people say that it is a personal decision to start a business and it is a market behavior. So why should the government spend so much time and energy on this? |
李克強(qiáng)： 謝謝你的好意，讓我們少操心。但是不能不多操心啊，因?yàn)榇蟊妱?chuàng)業(yè)、萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新，實(shí)際上是一個(gè)改革。這也是歷史的啟示。回想30多年前，正是因?yàn)槌邪普叩膶?shí)施，調(diào)動(dòng)了億萬(wàn)農(nóng)民生產(chǎn)和經(jīng)營(yíng)的積極性，也因?yàn)樵试S人口流動(dòng)，億萬(wàn)農(nóng)民工進(jìn)城，創(chuàng)造了中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的奇跡。 | Li Keqiang: I appreciate your good intention of saving the government time and energy, but this is something the government must do. Mass entrepreneurship and innovation is in itself a reform endeavor. This reform is inspired by the experience we have drawn from the past. Over the past more than 30 years, it is the introduction of household contract responsibility system that has brought into full play the initiative of the vast number of Chinese farmers. It is because our people could move freely across provinces and cities that several hundred million farmers have migrated into cities to find jobs. This has created the miracle of China's economic development. |
| 我想起去年在我們推進(jìn)簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)、商事制度改革的時(shí)候，我去一個(gè)地方的企業(yè)登記場(chǎng)所，遇到一位已經(jīng)退休的婦女。因?yàn)槲覀內(nèi)∠俗?cè)資本的實(shí)繳制，她的熱情來(lái)了，說要辦一個(gè)婚慶公司，而且她說：“我知道這個(gè)地方辦婚禮的老禮數(shù)，有些家庭希望這么辦，我沒有讀過很多書，但這是我的核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。”我還到過許多咖啡屋、眾創(chuàng)空間，看到那里年輕人有許多奇思妙想，他們研發(fā)的產(chǎn)品可以說能夠帶動(dòng)市場(chǎng)的需求。真是高手在民間啊，破繭就可以出蠶。 | Last year when the government launched the reform of the business system to streamline its administration, I recall that I paid a visit to one of the local venues for business registration where I talked with a woman who has retired. As you may know, the government has replaced the paid-in capital registration requirement with subscribed capital registration. This has boosted our people's enthusiasm to start their own businesses. This woman is one of them. She told me that she wanted to register a wedding service company because she was well-versed in the local traditional wedding customs. She told me that some couples wanted to have a traditional wedding, so she believed that though she had not attended university, she had a competitive edge in providing such services. I also visited some ventures cafes and makerspaces where I see that the young people there all have brilliant ideas. When their ideas are put into practice and produce actual products, they are boosting market demand. I believe there are a large number of such people with outstanding talent in China. We must lift all the restrictions so that they can put their talent to best use. |
| 市場(chǎng)活力的激發(fā)需要政府去清障搭臺(tái)，今年我們要繼續(xù)在這方面做更多的事。要進(jìn)一步放寬市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入，實(shí)行證照合一，讓服務(wù)業(yè)領(lǐng)域的一些企業(yè)注冊(cè)登記別再那么費(fèi)勁了。要清障還要搭臺(tái)，對(duì)企業(yè)特別是創(chuàng)業(yè)的小微企業(yè)，我們要更多地提供租金低廉的創(chuàng)業(yè)空間，給創(chuàng)業(yè)插上翅膀，還要通過政府引導(dǎo)資金來(lái)吸引更多的種子基金。同時(shí)，還要進(jìn)一步減稅降費(fèi)，讓這些企業(yè)輕裝前進(jìn)。 | To boost market vitality, the government must eliminate road blocks and pave the way for people to tap their entrepreneurship. The government plans to do more in this regard this year. Market access will be further relaxed. Business license and all the required certificates will be integrated into one. It would no longer take one so much trouble to register a business in some areas of the services sector. The government also needs to foster more favorable conditions for business start-up. There needs to be low-rent makerspaces to add wings to the entrepreneurship of our people. The government will also fully leverage the national guidance fund to encourage more seed capital to pitch in. Taxes and fees will be further reduced to ensure that all businesses get to forge ahead with a light pack. |
| 國(guó)家的繁榮在于人民創(chuàng)造力的發(fā)揮，經(jīng)濟(jì)的活力也來(lái)自就業(yè)、創(chuàng)業(yè)和消費(fèi)的多樣性。我們推動(dòng)“雙創(chuàng)”，就是要讓更多的人富起來(lái)，讓更多的人實(shí)現(xiàn)人生價(jià)值。這有助于調(diào)整收入分配結(jié)構(gòu)，促進(jìn)社會(huì)公平，也會(huì)讓更多的年輕人，尤其是貧困家庭的孩子有更多的上升通道。謝謝！ | A country could achieve prosperity when its people's initiative is brought into full play. There will be much economic vitality when there are ample business opportunities and choices for consumers. By encouraging mass entrepreneurship and innovation, we want to help more people become better off and enable more to achieve their full potential in life. This will also help us adjust the income distribution structure and promote social fairness. In particular, we want to ensure that young people, especially children from poor families, will have equal access to opportunities for upward mobility. |
