Biodiversity Conservation Projects

Biodiversity is the guarantee of life on earth. It provides rich and diversified essentials for human life and work, a safe and sound eco-environment, and a beautiful world. Biodiversity conservation is key to China's efforts to build an eco-civilization, and it is also an international priority.

China boasts a rich biodiversity which it treasures. It has made biodiversity conservation a key part of building an eco-civilization, and subscribes to the philosophy that mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands are a community of life. China has simultaneously progressed development and protection, stepped up work on relevant legislation, drawn red lines for ecological conservation, launched major biodiversity conservation projects, and conducted biodiversity surveys, monitoring and assessment. It has reinforced wildlife protection, and stepped up the introduction of a system of protected areas with national parks as the mainstay and supplemented by nature reserves and various nature parks. As a result, public awareness of and participation in conservation of biodiversity have both expanded.

China has made biodiversity conservation a national strategy, and included it in the medium- and long-term development plans of all geographical regions and functional areas. It has also improved relevant policies and legal provisions. These include the release of the Overall Plan to Reform the System for Developing an Eco-civilization, the China National Biodiversity Conservation Strategy and Action Plan (2011-2030), the Guidelines on Improving Biodiversity Conservation, and the plan for events under the framework of the "UN Decade on Biodiversity, China in Action." It has enacted the Biosecurity Law and revised the Law on Animal Epidemic Prevention. These are the top-level design of spatial management, protection, utilization and compensation, and provide an institutional guarantee for biodiversity conservation and management.

Thanks to a constant effort, China has made substantial progress in biodiversity conservation. Between 2009 and 2019, the country topped the world in the increase of forest areas, with more than 70 million hectares of land afforested. It made lasting, large-scale efforts to combat sandification and desertification, and effectively protected and restored areas of wetland. It built the world's largest banks of genetic resource reserves. About 90 percent of its vegetation types and terrestrial ecosystems, 65 percent of its higher plant communities, and 85 percent of its wild animal species on the national key list were placed under effective protection.

Many news stories about China's wildlife protection have caught public attention: the northward migration of a herd of wild Asian elephants in Yunnan Province, the giant panda being downgraded from "endangered" to "vulnerable" on the list of protected animals, the frequent appearance of dolphins in the Yangtze River and snow leopards in the Sanjiangyuan National Park (source of the Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers), and the increase in the population of Tibetan antelopes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 70,000 to 300,000.

China advocates that "the solutions lie in nature," so humanity should look for development opportunities while protecting nature, and undertake eco-environmental conservation alongside high-quality development.

As one of the earliest countries to join the UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), China has fulfilled its obligations under all relevant treaties. It was among the first countries to set up a national committee for biodiversity conservation, and had met in advance relevant goals set for building nature reserves by 2020.

China hosted the 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD COP15) in October 2021. The participants discussed new strategies for global biodiversity governance to build a shared future for all life on earth.

生物多樣性保護(hù)工程

生物多樣性是地球生命共同體的血脈和根基，為人類(lèi)提供了豐富多樣的生產(chǎn)生活必需品、健康安全的生態(tài)環(huán)境和獨(dú)特別致的景觀文化。加強(qiáng)生物多樣性保護(hù)，是中國(guó)生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的重要內(nèi)容，也是國(guó)際社會(huì)的廣泛共識(shí)。

作為世界上生物多樣性最豐富的國(guó)家之一，中國(guó)高度重視生物多樣性保護(hù)，將其作為生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的重要內(nèi)容進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)部署，走出了一條中國(guó)特色生物多樣性保護(hù)之路。中國(guó)按照山水林田湖草是生命共同體理念，堅(jiān)持在發(fā)展中保護(hù)、在保護(hù)中發(fā)展，加快立法步伐，劃定生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線，實(shí)施生物多樣性保護(hù)重大工程，推進(jìn)生物多樣性調(diào)查、監(jiān)測(cè)、評(píng)估，扎實(shí)做好野生動(dòng)植物資源保護(hù)，推動(dòng)建立以國(guó)家公園為主體、自然保護(hù)區(qū)為基礎(chǔ)、各類(lèi)自然公園為補(bǔ)充的自然保護(hù)地管理體系，不斷提高生物多樣性保護(hù)的社會(huì)參與度和公眾意識(shí)，形成了政府主導(dǎo)、全民參與，多邊治理、合作共贏的機(jī)制，推動(dòng)中國(guó)生物多樣性保護(hù)不斷取得新成效，為應(yīng)對(duì)全球生物多樣性挑戰(zhàn)作出新貢獻(xiàn)。

中國(guó)將生物多樣性保護(hù)上升為國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略，把生物多樣性保護(hù)納入各地區(qū)、各領(lǐng)域中長(zhǎng)期規(guī)劃，不斷建立健全生物多樣性保護(hù)政策法規(guī)體系，發(fā)布實(shí)施《生態(tài)文明體制改革總體方案》《中國(guó)生物多樣性保護(hù)戰(zhàn)略與行動(dòng)計(jì)劃（2011—2030年）》《關(guān)于進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)生物多樣性保護(hù)的意見(jiàn)》和“聯(lián)合國(guó)生物多樣性十年中國(guó)行動(dòng)方案”等政策文件，頒布施行《中華人民共和國(guó)生物安全法》和新修訂的《中華人民共和國(guó)動(dòng)物防疫法》等法律法規(guī)，從空間管控、保護(hù)與利用、保護(hù)與補(bǔ)償?shù)确矫鎻?qiáng)化頂層設(shè)計(jì)，為生物多樣性保護(hù)和管理提供制度保障。

經(jīng)過(guò)不懈努力，中國(guó)生物多樣性保護(hù)工作取得積極進(jìn)展：森林資源在過(guò)去10年內(nèi)增長(zhǎng)面積超過(guò)7000萬(wàn)公頃，居全球首位。長(zhǎng)時(shí)間、大規(guī)模治理沙化、荒漠化，有效保護(hù)修復(fù)濕地，生物遺傳資源收集保藏量位居世界前列。90%的植被類(lèi)型和陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)、65%的高等植物群落、85%的重點(diǎn)保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物種群得到有效保護(hù)。云南野象“旅游團(tuán)”北巡，大熊貓受威脅程度等級(jí)從“瀕?！苯禐椤耙孜！?，“微笑天使”長(zhǎng)江江豚頻繁亮相，三江源國(guó)家公園等地的雪豹頻繁現(xiàn)身，青藏高原藏羚羊種群數(shù)量從7萬(wàn)頭增加到30萬(wàn)頭等暖心消息頻頻登上熱搜。

中國(guó)主張以自然之道，養(yǎng)萬(wàn)物之生，從保護(hù)自然中尋找發(fā)展機(jī)遇，實(shí)現(xiàn)生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展雙贏。作為最早加入聯(lián)合國(guó)《生物多樣性公約》的國(guó)家之一，中國(guó)切實(shí)履行相關(guān)條約義務(wù)，在國(guó)際上率先成立了生物多樣性保護(hù)國(guó)家委員會(huì)，并提前完成2020年設(shè)立自然保護(hù)區(qū)相關(guān)目標(biāo)。中國(guó)于2021年承辦《生物多樣性公約》第十五次締約方大會(huì)，同各方共商全球生物多樣性治理新戰(zhàn)略，共建地球生命共同體。