習近平接受路透社采訪（全文）
Full text: Xi Jinping conducts written interview with Reuters
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調(diào)整字號大小: 
| 問：中國企業(yè)可能參與英格蘭西南部核電站建設。中國政府今年早些時候宣布將支持中國企業(yè)在諸如高鐵和核電等領域拓展海外市場。未來10年，您希望看到中國企業(yè)在全球市場發(fā)揮什么樣的作用？您認為中國企業(yè)拓展海外市場會遇到哪些阻力？是否會導致新的貿(mào)易摩擦？中國政府采取國家補貼等方式支持中國企業(yè)在海外進行拓展，對其他市場主體是否公平？是否符合中國發(fā)展市場經(jīng)濟的目標？ | 3. Chinese companies are expected to take a stake in the nuclear power plant in southwest England. This is in line with plans announced by your government earlier this year to help Chinese firms in areas such as high-speed rail and nuclear power to expand overseas. What role do you hope to see Chinese companies playing in the global markets over the next decade? Do you think that opposition could derail China's participation in such projects overseas? Will such opposition lead to fresh trade frictions? Is such state-subsidized, state-directed expansion of Chinese industry abroad fair to other market players and in line with China's professed desire for a more market-driven economy? |
| 答：中國對外開放不斷走向深入，這既包括中國打開大門吸引外資，也包括中國企業(yè)走出國門進行投資。這是一國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展到一定階段必然發(fā)生的事情，也是企業(yè)要發(fā)展壯大必然進行的事情。世界各大企業(yè)都走這條路。 | A: China is intensifying its reform and opening-up drive, which means both opening up its economy further to attract foreign investment and encourage Chinese firms to make overseas investment. This is natural when a country reaches a particular stage of development and when a company grows bigger, and this is what all big companies in the world are doing. |
| 中國企業(yè)發(fā)展得益于世界經(jīng)濟，應該為世界經(jīng)濟發(fā)展作出貢獻。中國已經(jīng)成為世界制造業(yè)大國，突出優(yōu)勢是處于全球產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈中游，高鐵、核電、汽車等一大批產(chǎn)業(yè)和裝備處于國際先進水平，性價比好，符合很多國家需求和承接能力。中國愿同包括英國在內(nèi)的各國開展多種形式的國際產(chǎn)能和裝備制造合作，把各自比較優(yōu)勢銜接起來，實現(xiàn)聯(lián)動發(fā)展。欣克利角核電站項目是中英法三方合作的產(chǎn)物，希望三國企業(yè)充分發(fā)揮各自優(yōu)勢，確保項目順利實施，造福英國人民。 | Having benefited from the world economy, Chinese companies should contribute their share to world economic development. China has grown into a global manufacturing power, with particular strengths at the middle rung of the global industrial chain. Many Chinese industrial sectors and equipment making capacity, including the building of high-speed railway and nuclear power stations as well as automobiles making, are advanced and competitive internationally, and meet the demand and absorbing capacity of many countries. China is ready to pursue cooperation of various forms with the UK and other countries in international production capacity and equipment manufacturing to synergize our respective strengths and promote each other's development. The Hinkley Point is the product of tripartite cooperation among China, the UK and France. I hope that the companies of the three countries will fully leverage their respective strengths to ensure the successful launch of this project and deliver benefits to the British people. |
| 對外投資遇到一些摩擦屬于正常的營商范疇。任何企業(yè)只要開展經(jīng)營活動，不論是在國內(nèi)還是在國外，總會遇到這樣那樣的問題。在商言商，不能把企業(yè)在經(jīng)營過程中產(chǎn)生的矛盾政治化，不要帶著偏見看待中國企業(yè)。企業(yè)發(fā)展當然要競爭，沒有人會把市場拱手讓給競爭對手。我們希望這種競爭是良性的、符合市場規(guī)律的，而不要設置一些非經(jīng)濟、非市場的“彈簧門”、“玻璃門”。同世界上老牌的大公司對比，中國企業(yè)走出去還缺乏經(jīng)驗，在適應各國法律制度、技術標準、市場營銷、人員管理、當?shù)匚幕确矫娴哪芰π枰粩嗵岣?。在激烈的國際競爭中，中國企業(yè)會學到很多，會越做越好。 | It is normal for a company to encounter various problems when making investment, whether domestically or overseas. When doing business, one should focus on business. Problems that occur in business operations should not be politicized, and Chinese companies should not be viewed with bias. Competition is necessary for a business to grow, and no one will give away a market to its rivals. We hope that such competition is benign and market-based. There should be no swing doors or glass doors which are placed as non-economic or non-market-based barriers. Unlike established multinational companies, Chinese companies still lack experience in making investment overseas. They need to better adapt to local laws and regulations, technological standards, marketing, human resources management rules, local cultures, etc. Chinese companies will learn a lot and emerge successful in fierce international competition. |
| 中國政府支持企業(yè)走出去，但強調(diào)要堅持以企業(yè)為主體，以市場為導向。中國政府的作用是為企業(yè)爭取和創(chuàng)造良好的政治環(huán)境和公平的制度框架。這是各國政府都會做的事，而且西方國家做得比我們好。即便在市場經(jīng)濟條件下，各國對企業(yè)發(fā)展都會有形式多樣的支持措施，不能簡單把這些都看成是國家補貼。中國和西方國家體制不同，由于歷史原因，中國企業(yè)往往承擔了大量社會職能，難以用一種簡單的數(shù)學公式來計算。 | The Chinese government supports Chinese companies in going global. But we believe that this process should be market-oriented with companies being the main driver. The role of the Chinese government is to secure and create a favorable political environment and a fair legal framework for Chinese companies. This is what all governments are doing, and I think the Western countries are doing better than us. Even under market conditions, countries support the growth of their companies in various ways, and such measures should not be all labelled as government subsidy. China's system is different from that of Western countries. Due to historical reasons, Chinese companies perform many social functions, which are hard to measure with a simple arithmetic formula. |
| 未來10年，中國對外投資將持續(xù)增長，有關機構測算將超過1.25萬億美元，這將為中英合作提供更多寶貴機遇。兩國企業(yè)還可以加強在發(fā)展中國家的三方合作，把全球價值鏈的上、中、下游結合起來，共享發(fā)展機遇。 | In the coming decade, China's overseas investment will continue to grow and is forecast to reach 1.25 trillion U.S. dollars. This will provide more opportunities for China-UK cooperation. The Chinese and British companies may also engage in tripartite cooperation in developing countries to integrate the upper stream, middle stream and lower stream of the global value chain and share development opportunities. |
| 問：英國是首個申請加入亞洲基礎設施投資銀行的歐洲國家。中國承諾亞洲基礎設施投資銀行將透明運作，并實施高標準管理。中國將如何確保亞洲基礎設施投資銀行運作真正做到透明并實現(xiàn)世界一流管理？ | 4. Britain was the first European country to sign up for membership of the new Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB). China has promised that the new bank will be transparent and have high governance standards. How will China ensure that the AIIB really will be transparent and have world-class governance? |
| 答：中國提出籌建亞洲基礎設施投資銀行，目的是推動亞洲地區(qū)基礎設施建設和互聯(lián)互通，深化區(qū)域合作。 | A: China's initiative to establish the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank aims to promote infrastructure development and connectivity in Asia and boost regional cooperation. |
| 亞投行是一個國際性的金融機構，其規(guī)章制度和運作要由各成員國協(xié)商決定，并不是中國一家說了就算的。中國贊成亞投行充分借鑒現(xiàn)有多邊開發(fā)銀行的經(jīng)驗和做法，在治理結構、業(yè)務政策、人力資源管理等方面堅持國際性、規(guī)范性、高標準，確保專業(yè)運營、高效運作、透明廉潔。在《亞洲基礎設施投資銀行協(xié)定》談判過程中，57個意向創(chuàng)始成員國秉承開放、包容、專業(yè)、透明的原則，達成了高質(zhì)量的協(xié)定文本，53個意向創(chuàng)始成員國已經(jīng)簽署了協(xié)定。 | The AIIB is an international financial institution whose rules of operation are decided by its members through consultation, not by China alone. We agree that the AIIB should fully draw on the experience and practices of other multilateral development banks, observe high international standards in terms of governance structure, operation guidelines, and human resources management, and ensure its professional and efficient operation as well as transparency and integrity. During the negotiation over the AIIB agreement, 57 prospective founding members acted on the principle of openness, inclusion, professionalism and transparency, and concluded a high-quality agreement text. A total of 53 prospective founding members have signed the agreement. |
| 據(jù)我了解，這個協(xié)定在很多方面借鑒了現(xiàn)有多邊開發(fā)銀行的做法，同時還有所突破和創(chuàng)新。比如，在治理結構上，亞投行按照多邊開發(fā)銀行的通行做法，設立理事會、董事會、管理層三層管理架構，還根據(jù)透明、公開、獨立、問責的原則建立了銀行監(jiān)督機制。協(xié)定中明確寫入了“公開、透明、擇優(yōu)”的遴選管理層原則，是一項區(qū)別于現(xiàn)有主要多邊開發(fā)銀行章程的創(chuàng)新之舉。又比如，亞投行項目采購面向全球所有國家，不局限于成員國，這同其他一些區(qū)域性多邊開發(fā)銀行不同。 | I know that this agreement has drawn on the practices of existing multilateral development banks in many ways. It has also made some breakthroughs and explored new ways of operation. For example, in terms of governance structure, AIIB has, with reference to the common practice of multilateral development banks, set up a three-tiered structure, consisting of a board of governors, a board of directors and a management team. It has also put in place an oversight mechanism in line with the principle of transparency, openness, independence and accountability. It is specified in the agreement that the management team will be selected through an open, transparent and merit-based process. This is a new principle not included in the constitution of existing major multilateral development banks. Another example is that the AIIB places no restriction on the procurement of goods and services from any country, and again this is not the case in the other regional multilateral development banks. |
| 目前，各意向創(chuàng)始成員國正按照協(xié)定的規(guī)定和精神協(xié)商制定具體的業(yè)務政策和規(guī)章。亞投行同現(xiàn)有多邊開發(fā)銀行是合作互補關系，未來將在知識共享、能力建設、聯(lián)合融資等方面積極開展合作。 | The AIIB prospective founding members are working on the specific operation guidelines in accordance with the agreement. The relationship between the AIIB and existing multilateral development banks is a cooperative and complementary one. The AIIB will engage in cooperation with them in terms of sharing expertise, capacity building and joint financing. |
| 中國積極評價并歡迎英國加入亞投行，愿同包括英方在內(nèi)的各意向創(chuàng)始成員國一道，將亞投行打造成專業(yè)、高效的基礎設施投融資平臺，為亞洲和全球發(fā)展事業(yè)作出積極貢獻。 | China commends and welcomes the UK joining into the AIIB. We are ready to work with the UK and all other prospective founding members to build the AIIB into a professional and efficient infrastructure financing platform to contribute to the development of Asia and beyond. |
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