習(xí)近平接受路透社采訪（全文）
Full text: Xi Jinping conducts written interview with Reuters
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| 問：作為國際社會一員，中國無論是幫助推進(jìn)南蘇丹和平進(jìn)程，還是在也門內(nèi)戰(zhàn)中撤離包括英國人在內(nèi)的外國人員，都發(fā)揮著越來越積極的作用。隨著中國經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力和世界影響力持續(xù)增長，中國將更多需要在全球范圍內(nèi)尋求保護(hù)自身權(quán)益。您如何看待未來10年中國在全球事務(wù)中的角色變化？中國是否將在調(diào)解沖突方面發(fā)揮更大作用？中國是否會有朝一日取代美國，成為世界警察，在世界各地建立軍事基地以保護(hù)自己的利益？ | 5. China is playing an increasingly active role as a member of the international community, whether by helping bring peace to South Sudan or evacuating foreigners, including Britons, from the civil war in Yemen. As China's economic strength and world influence continue to grow, it needs to make more efforts to protect its rights and interests across the world. How do you see China's role in global affairs changing in the coming decade? Will it play a greater role in mediating conflicts? Will China one day replace the United States as the world's policeman and protect its interests by establishing military bases around the world? |
| 答：中國過去是、現(xiàn)在是、將來也必將是世界和平的維護(hù)者、共同發(fā)展的促進(jìn)者、國際合作的推動者。隨著綜合國力不斷提升，中國將更加積極地參與國際和地區(qū)事務(wù)。 | A: China was, is and will continue to be a force for world peace, common development and international cooperation. With the increase of its overall strength, China will be able to play a more active role in international and regional affairs. |
| 在今年9月舉行的聯(lián)合國成立70周年系列峰會上，我代表中國政府宣布，設(shè)立“南南合作援助基金”，首期提供20億美元；設(shè)立為期10年、總額10億美元的中國－聯(lián)合國和平與發(fā)展基金；加入新的聯(lián)合國維和能力待命機(jī)制，為此率先組建常備成建制維和警隊(duì)，并建設(shè)8000人規(guī)模的維和待命部隊(duì)。此外，中國還將在未來5年內(nèi)，向非盟提供總額為1億美元的無償軍事援助，以支持非洲常備軍和危機(jī)應(yīng)對快速反應(yīng)部隊(duì)建設(shè)。 | At the summits commemorating the 70th anniversary of the UN this September, I announced on behalf the Chinese government a series of initiatives, which include: The establishment of an assistance fund for South-South cooperation with an initial pledge of 2 billion U.S. dollars; A ten-year, 1-billion-U.S. dollar China-UN peace and development fund; China joining the newly-established UN Peacekeeping Capability Readiness System and setting up a permanent peacekeeping police squad and a peacekeeping standby force of 8,000 troops; The provision of 100 million U.S. dollars in military aid to the African Union in the coming five years to support the building of African Standby Force and the African Capacity for Immediate Response to Crisis. |
| 中國為世界和平與發(fā)展作出更多努力，不是想成為所謂的“世界警察”，更不是要取代誰。我們歷來主張，各國的事情要由各國人民自己決定，世界上的事情要由世界各國人民商量決定。中國堅持聯(lián)合國憲章的宗旨和原則，秉持共同、綜合、合作、可持續(xù)的安全觀，堅持不干涉別國內(nèi)政，堅持以和平方式解決國際和地區(qū)熱點(diǎn)問題。中國已經(jīng)多次宣布，中國奉行防御性的國防政策，中國永遠(yuǎn)不稱霸、永遠(yuǎn)不搞擴(kuò)張、永遠(yuǎn)不會把自己的意志強(qiáng)加于人。 | China has been stepping up efforts for world peace and development not because it wants to become a "world cop", even less to take anyone' s place. We are always of the view that a country's affairs should be decided by its own people and the world's affairs should be managed through consultation among the peoples of all countries. China upholds the purposes and principles of the UN Charter. It pursues common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security. China follows the principle of non-interference in other country's internal affairs and believes that international and regional hot spots should be resolved by peaceful means. China has declared many times that it pursues a defence policy defensive in nature and will never seek hegemony, engage in expansion or impose its own will on others. |
| 問：中國是世界上最大的溫室氣體排放國，且已承諾使二氧化碳排放到2030年左右達(dá)到峰值，并將降低碳強(qiáng)度——使得每單位經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)出的排放量在2005年的水平上降低60%至65%。作為一個發(fā)展中國家，中國一直堅持發(fā)達(dá)國家應(yīng)為減少二氧化碳排放承擔(dān)大部分責(zé)任。中國是否會為確保年底巴黎氣候變化大會達(dá)成一致而改變自己的談判立場或作出進(jìn)一步妥協(xié)？ | 6. China, the world's biggest greenhouse gas emitter, has pledged to bring its emissions to a peak by "around 2030" and has also said it would cut carbon intensity - the amount emitted per unit of economic output - by 60 to 65 percent below the 2005 level. As a developing country, China has stuck firmly to the principle that industrialized nations should bear most of the burden when it comes to cutting carbon emissions. Is China prepared to change any of its negotiating positions or offer further compromises in order to make sure that a new global climate change deal is secured in Paris later this year? |
| 答：氣候變化是全球性挑戰(zhàn)，任何一國都無法置身事外。發(fā)達(dá)國家和發(fā)展中國家對造成氣候變化的歷史責(zé)任不同，發(fā)展需求和能力也存在差異。就像一場賽車一樣，有的車已經(jīng)跑了很遠(yuǎn)，有的車剛剛出發(fā)，這個時候用統(tǒng)一尺度來限制車速是不適當(dāng)?shù)?，也是不公平的。發(fā)達(dá)國家在應(yīng)對氣候變化方面多作表率，符合《聯(lián)合國氣候變化框架公約》所確立的共同但有區(qū)別的責(zé)任、公平、各自能力等重要原則，也是廣大發(fā)展中國家的共同心愿。 | A: Climate change is a global challenge at which no country can stand on their own. Developed and developing countries have different historical responsibilities for climate change, and different development needs and capabilities. Just like in a car race: it would be neither reasonable nor fair to apply the same speed requirements to cars which have run far ahead and those which have only just left the starting point. Developed countries should do more and lead the way in addressing climate change. This is in keeping with the important principles laid down in the UNFCCC, such as "common but differentiated responsibilities", equity and respective capabilities. This is also the hope of all developing countries. |
| 堅持共同但有區(qū)別的責(zé)任等原則，不是說發(fā)展中國家就不要為全球應(yīng)對氣候變化作出貢獻(xiàn)了，而是說要符合發(fā)展中國家能力和要求。中國已經(jīng)成為世界節(jié)能和利用新能源、可再生能源第一大國。2014年，中國單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗和二氧化碳排放分別比2005年下降29.9%和33.8%。中國向聯(lián)合國提交了國家自主貢獻(xiàn)，這既是著眼于促進(jìn)全球氣候治理，也是中國發(fā)展的內(nèi)在要求，是為實(shí)現(xiàn)公約目標(biāo)所能作出的最大努力。中國宣布建立規(guī)模為200億元人民幣的氣候變化南南合作基金，用以支持其他發(fā)展中國家。 | Having said that, the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities" does not exempt developing countries from contributing their share to global response to climate change. It is only that such contribution should be in line with their capabilities and needs. China is now the world's biggest country in energy conservation and utilization of new and renewable energy. In 2014, China's per unit GDP energy consumption and CO2 emission were cut by 29.9 percent and 33.8 percent respectively from the 2005 level. China's submission to the UN of its nationally intended contributions is aimed at facilitating global climate governance, and also for the sake of China's own development. It represents China's very best effort to help achieve the goals set in the UNFCCC. China has announced the setting up of an 20-billion-RMB yuan South-South cooperation fund on climate change to help other developing countries. |
| 今年年底召開的巴黎大會將對2020年后國際應(yīng)對氣候變化機(jī)制作出安排，在全球應(yīng)對氣候變化多邊進(jìn)程中具有重要意義。談判需要各方展現(xiàn)靈活，但《聯(lián)合國氣候變化框架公約》的基本原則應(yīng)該得到遵循。各方要最大程度展示誠意，聚同化異，相向而行。中國愿發(fā)揮建設(shè)性作用，推動巴黎大會如期達(dá)成全面、均衡、有力度的協(xié)議。 | The Paris Conference coming up at the end of this year is a significant milestone in the multilateral process on climate change, as it will set up post-2020 international regimes to tackle this challenge. Progress in negotiations requires flexibility of all parties, yet the basic principles of the UNFCCC need to be observed. Parties should demonstrate sincerity as much as they can, build up consensus and work toward the same goal. China is ready to play a constructive role and work for the timely conclusion of a comprehensive, balanced and strong agreement at the Paris conference. |
| 問：中國處理南海領(lǐng)土主權(quán)問題的態(tài)度越來越堅定，這讓許多鄰國感到擔(dān)憂。中國表示不追求霸權(quán)，將始終不渝堅持走和平發(fā)展道路。您如何看待許多鄰國對此心懷疑慮？對中國在南海的活動可能加劇本地區(qū)安全局勢惡化的指責(zé)，您如何回應(yīng)？中國當(dāng)前在南海活動的最終目的是什么？ | 7. China is being increasingly assertive in pushing its territorial claims in the South China Sea, which has worried many of its neighbors. China also says it will not pursue hegemony and will unswervingly stick to the path of peaceful development. Do you understand why so many of China's neighbors doubt these claims? How do you respond to accusations that China's activities in the South China Sea could be worsening the security situation in the region? What is China's ultimate aim with its current activities in the South China Sea? |
| 答：走和平發(fā)展道路符合中國根本利益，也符合地區(qū)國家和人民共同期待。中國的這個戰(zhàn)略選擇沒有變，也不會變。長期以來，中國同鄰國積極開展互利合作，給地區(qū)國家和人民帶來了實(shí)實(shí)在在的利益。新形勢下，中國將努力把中國發(fā)展惠及周邊國家和人民，堅持與鄰為善、以鄰為伴的周邊外交方針，堅持睦鄰、安鄰、富鄰的周邊外交政策，落實(shí)體現(xiàn)親誠惠容的周邊外交理念。 | A: To follow the path of peaceful development serves China's fundamental interests, and is also what regional countries and peoples expect from us. It is a strategic choice made by China that has not changed and will not change. For many years, China's active efforts for win-win cooperation with its neighbors have brought real benefits to countries and peoples in the region. Under the new circumstances, China will strive to deliver more benefits of its development to neighboring countries and peoples. China will continue to pursue friendship and partnership with its neighbors, build a harmonious, secure and prosperous neighborhood and follow through on its policy of amity, sincerity, mutual-benefit and inclusiveness towards its neighbors. |
| 南海諸島自古以來就是中國領(lǐng)土，這是老祖宗留下的。任何人要侵犯中國的主權(quán)和相關(guān)權(quán)益，中國人民都不會答應(yīng)。中國在南海采取的有關(guān)行動，是維護(hù)自身領(lǐng)土主權(quán)的正當(dāng)反應(yīng)。對本國領(lǐng)土范圍外的土地提出主權(quán)要求，那是擴(kuò)張主義。中國從未那么做過，不應(yīng)當(dāng)受到懷疑和指責(zé)。 | The islands and reefs in the South China Sea are Chinese territory since ancient times. They are left to us by our ancestors. The Chinese people will not allow anyone to infringe on China's sovereignty and related rights and interests in the South China Sea. The actions China has taken in the South China Sea are legitimate reactions to safeguard its territorial sovereignty. Expansionism refers to laying claims to land outside one's own territory. China has never done anything like that, so such doubts or accusations are unwarranted. |
| 在各方共同努力下，南海形勢總體是穩(wěn)定的。南海是中國對外經(jīng)濟(jì)往來的重要通道。中國比任何國家都需要南海和平、安全、穩(wěn)定。中國不愿看到南海生亂，更不會主動制造混亂。當(dāng)前，中國正積極努力同東盟國家在全面有效落實(shí)《南海各方行為宣言》的框架下，積極推進(jìn)“南海行為準(zhǔn)則”的磋商。中國將繼續(xù)同南海周邊鄰國一道，通過機(jī)制對話管控爭議，通過談判協(xié)商和平解決爭議，積極探索通過合作和共同開發(fā)實(shí)現(xiàn)互利共贏，維護(hù)各國依據(jù)國際法享有的南海航行和飛越自由，努力將南海建設(shè)成和平、友好、合作之海。有關(guān)方面也應(yīng)尊重地區(qū)國家維護(hù)南海和平穩(wěn)定的努力。 | With the joint efforts of all parties, the situation in the South China Sea has on the whole been stable. The South China Sea provides important waterways for China's international commercial exchanges. China needs peace, security and stability in the South China Sea more than any other country. China would not want any turbulence there, still less would it be the party to stir up chaos. It is working hard to take forward consultations on a code of conduct in the South China Sea within the framework of fully and effectively implementing the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea. China will continue to work with its neighbors in the South China Sea to manage disputes through institutionalized dialogue, peacefully resolve disputes through negotiation and consultation, actively explore win-win results through cooperation and joint development, and safeguard the freedom of navigation and overflight enjoyed by countries in accordance with international law. We will together endeavor to make the South China Sea a sea of peace, friendship and cooperation. And the efforts of countries in the region to maintain peace and stability there deserve more respect. |
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